微生物学：Chapter4病毒.pptVIP

Viroids were a kind of molecular organism contained one component which is the smallest in the world and obligatory parasitism in cells. Characteristics of the viroids Circular ssRNA molecules. No capsids. Cause diseases in plants. Do not act as mRNAs. Mechanism that produces symptoms of disease is unknown. May give rise to latent infections. 2. Virusoids Also called as viroid-like too. And can be considered to a kind of viroid enveloped in the plant virus particle. Replication of the virusoids 3. Prion Creutzfeldt-Jakob Disease brain showing Immunohistochemical staining of prion plaque at 1:200 dilution in ? formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded section of cerebral cortex. Also called as the virino, the original intention of prion is the protein infection. Prion is a kind of low molecular hydrophobic protein without the immunity which can infect into the animal and replicate in the host. Proteinaceous infectious particles (PrP) are not associated with a nucleic acid Stabilities of the scrapie agent and viriods (PSTV): Chemical Treatment: Concentration: PSTV: Scrapie: Et2PC 10-20mM (-) + NH2OH 0.1-0.5mM + - Psoralen 10-500μg/ml + - Phenol Saturated - + SDS 1-10% - + Zn2+ 2mM + - Urea 3-8M - + Alkali pH 10 (-) + KSCN 1M - + Enzymatic Treatment: Concentration: PSTV: Scrapie: RNAse A 0.1-100μg/ml + - DNAse 100μg/ml - - Proteinase K 100μg/ml - + Trypsin 100μg/ml - + + = inactivated; - = no change in infectivity Prion broke the central dogma. Genes have been identified in normal animal tissue that encode PrP It is hypothesized that abnormal PrP causes prion diseases by inducing a change from the normal conformation of the cellular PrP to the abnormal form b. This new abnormal PrP then causes other normal cellular PrP molecules to change to the abnormal form About the PrP B. Uncoating C. Biosynthesis ( synthesis of virus nucleic acids and protein) The biosynthesis of the dsDNA bacteriophage The biosynthesis of