2020科技英语翻译4a.pptVIP

科技英语翻译的基本方 法和技巧 词义的引申 ? 在翻译过程中，译者常常会遇到英语中有一些单词 或词组中，无法从词典等工具书找到其直接、恰当、 准确的释义。如果硬要牵强附会，照搬词典里的某 个释义，那么译文定会晦涩难懂，不符合汉语语言 规范和翻译所要求的标准。遇到这种情况，译者可 以结合上下文，根据语气、逻辑关系、 搭配习惯及 全句的技术含义等方面的情况，在准确理解原文含 义的基础上，按照汉语的表达习惯，对词义加以引 申。 ? 专业化引申 ? His mother died of difficult labor. ? The major problem in manufacturing is the control of contamination and foreign material. ? The running of such automated establishments remains only a matter of reading various meters mounted on panels. ? More weight must be placed on the past history of patients. ? The bacterial pneumonia may complicate influenza at both extremes of age. ? 他母亲死于难产。（困难的劳动） ? 制造时的一个主要问题是控制污染和杂质。（外界物质） ? 管理这种自动化工厂只不过要求查看一下控制台上的各种 仪表而已。（阅读） ? 必须更加重视患者的病史。（过去的历史）幼儿和老年流 行性感冒患者可并发细菌性肺炎。（年龄的两个极端） ? The doctor may insert thin needles into the skin of a patient at key points along meridians. ? Everything is ready, so I call the morning paper up on the screen. ? This kind of wood works easily. ? The patient had been given three transfusions after he was admitted into the hospital. ? This medicine acts well on the heart. ? 医生可以把一些细针沿病人身上的经络插进穴位中。（关键点 ? 一切准备就绪，于是我把早报调入屏幕。（喊叫） ? 这种木料易于加工。（工作） ? 病人入院后已输过三次血了。（给） ? 这种药治疗心脏病疗效很好。（起作用） ? 具体化或形象化引申 ? Other things being equal, copper heats up faster than iron. ? There are many things that should be considered in determining cutting speed. ? The thermometer rises or falls according as the air is hot or cold. ? Australian researchers have developed an implantable hearing prosthesis that inserts 22 electrodes into the inner ear and is connected to a pocket speech processor. ? 其他条件相同时，铜比铁热得快。（事情） ? 在测定切削速度时，应当考虑许多因素。（事情） ? 温度计的液柱随空气的冷热而下降或上升。（温度计） ? 澳大利亚研究人员已经研制了一种可植入的假耳。该假耳 将 22 个电极插入内耳并与一台袖珍语言信息处理机相连。 （听觉假体） ? Other things being equal, copper heats up faster than iron. ? There are many things that should be considered in determining cutting speed. ? The thermometer rises or falls according as the air is hot or cold. ? Austral