现在完成时讲解和练习(有答案).pdfVIP

现在完成时讲解和练习 1. 现在完成时的构成: have\has+过去分词 (过去分词的构成有规则变化和不规则变化) 2. 现在完成时的四个基本句型 肯定句 He has finished the work. 一般疑问句 Has he finished the work? 回答 Yes ,he has. No, he hasn’t. 否定句 He has not finished the work. 特殊疑问句 What has he done? 3.现在完成时的用法: A ．表示过去发生或已经完成的动作对现在造成的影响或结果，强调对现在造成的影想或结果）。例如： The car has arrived. 车子来了。（结果：车子已在门口） Someone has broken the window.有人把窗户打破了。（结果：窗户仍破着） B. 表示过去已经开始，持续到现在的动作或状态，可以和表示从过去某一时刻延续到现在（包括“现在” 在内）的一段时间的状语连用,如for+时间段、since+过去的时间点、疑问词how long 等。例如： My uncle has worked at this factory for five years. 我叔叔在这个工厂工作已经五年了。 Mr. Black has lived in China since 2002. 自从2002 年Mr. Black 一直住在中国。 How long have you been here? 你来这里多久了？ 4. 在下列情形下用现在完成时 (1)九词语 ①already 已经 肯定句中或句尾 ⑤just 刚刚 句中 e.g.: I have already found my pen. e.g. ：I have just done my work. = I have found my pen already. ⑥before 以前 句尾 ②yet 已经 否定句和疑问句句尾 e.g. ：I have never been there before. e.g. ：I have not finished the work yet. ⑦so far 到目前为止 Have you bought a computer yet? e.g. ：So far he has learnt 200 words. ③ever 曾经 句中 ⑧how long 多久 e.g. ： Have you ever seen pandas? e.g. ：How long have you lived here? ④never 从不 句中 ⑨how many time 多少次 e.g. ：I have never been to Beijing. e.g. ：How many times has he been to Beijing? (2)两结构 for two months for +一段时间 Jim has lived here for 2 months. since last year since +过去点时间 Lucy has been in Beijing since 3 years ago. since 3 years ago since 1990 since he came here since +过去时态句子 He has been in China since he came here. (3)三词组 1.havehasgone to 去了某地 表示“已经去了某地，在去那里的途中或到达那里还没有回来” e.g. ：He has gone to Beijing (去了北京) 2.havehasbeen to 去过某地 表示“曾去过某地，已经从那里回来了” e.g. ：He has been to Beijing. (去过北京) 3