《汉英语言对比》幻灯片课件.ppt

Pay Attention to the Following Sentences: 1、看样子要变天了。 It seems the weather is changing. 2、当时我在北京。 I was in Beijing at the time. 3、——是谁呀？——是我。 ——Who is it? ——Its me. 4、叶子黄了。 The leaves turned brown. 5、不行！ It wont do! 3.4 汉英语言特征比较 汉语： 主题显著的语言 (topic-prominent language), 采用主题-述题(topic-comment)的句式 “话语 ---说明结构” 汉语句子建立在意念主轴 (thought-pivot)上 英语： 主语显著的语言 (subject-prominent language), 几乎都采用主语-谓语(subject-predicate) 的句式 “主语 --- 谓语结构” 英语句子建立在形式(或主谓)主轴(form-pivot)上 请分析下列例句中的“话题-说明”部分是如何转化为英语的“主语-谓语”结构的： 1、有个叫毛满珠的哑巴姑娘，翻过几重山来找王斌，痛苦地做着各种手势，要求得到帮助。 There was a dumb girl called Mao Manzhu, who travelled over ranges of mountains to come to Wang Bin. With various painful gestures, she begged for Wangs help. 2、他五岁时候，生了一场伤寒，变成了聋子。 He became deaf at five after an attack of typhoid fever. 3、老拴正在专心走路，忽然吃了一惊，远远地看见一条丁字街，明明白白横着。他便退了几步，寻到一家关着门的铺子，蹩进檐下，停住了。（鲁迅《药） Absorbed in his walking, Old Shuan was startled when he saw the crossroad lying distantly ahead of him. He walked back a few steps to stand under the eaves of a shop in front of its closed door. 伤寒病 屋檐 3.5 译文主语的选择 原文：这件事你不用操心。 译文： 1.This you don’t need to worry. 2.You don’t need to worry about this. 3. This is not something you need to worry about. 4. It is unnecessary for you to worry about this. 5. There is no need to worry about this. 我的头疼的要命。 My head aches badly. My head is killing me. I have a terrible headache. I have a splitting headache. I have a migraine. Assignment: Translate the underlined part of the following text into English. Write your translation on ANSWER SHEET THREE. 　　暮色中，河湾里落满云霞，与天际的颜色混合一起，分不清哪是流云哪是水湾。 　　也就在这一幅绚烂的图画旁边，在河湾之畔，一群羊正在低头觅食。它们几乎没有一个顾得上抬起头来，看一眼这美丽的黄昏。也许它们要抓紧时间，在即将回家的最后一刻再次咀嚼。这是黄河滩上的一幕。牧羊人不见了，他不知在何处歇息。只有这些美生灵自由自在地享受着这个黄昏。这儿水草肥美，让它们长得肥滚滚的，像些胖娃娃。如果走近了，会发现它们那可爱的神情，洁白的牙齿，那丰富而单纯的表情。如果稍稍长久一点端详这张张面庞，还会生出无限的怜悯。(07年专八汉译英) 　　参考译文：Beside this picture with profusions of colors, a group of sheep are lowing their heads, eating by the river ba