MBA全国联考英语之MBA专业术语三.docxVIP

MBA 全国联考英语之 MBA 专业术语三 C Capital 资本 The equipment and structures used to produce goods and services Capital flight 资本外流 A large and sudden reduction in the demand for assets located in a country Cartel 卡特尔 A group of firms acting in unison Catch-up effect 追赶效应 The property that countries that start off poor tend to grow more rapidly than countries that start off rich Central bank 中央银行 An institution designed to oversee the banking system and regulate the quantity of money in the economy Ceteris paribus 其它条件相同 A Latin phrase, translated as other things being equal, used as a reminder that all variables other than the ones being studied are assumed to be constant Circular-flow diagram 循环流向图 A visual model of the economy that shows how dollars flow through markets among households and firms Classical dichotomy 古典二分法 The theoretical separation of nominal and real variables Closed economy 封闭经济 An economy that does not interact with other economies in the world Coase theorem 科斯定理 The proposition that if private parties can bargain without cost over the allocation of resources, they can solve the problem of externalities on their own Collective bargaining 集体谈判 The process by which unions and firms agree on the terms of employment Collusion 勾结 An agreement among firms in a market about quantities to produce or prices to charge Commodity money 商品货币 Money that takes the form of a commodity with intrinsic value Common resources 共有资源 Goods that are rival but not excludable Comparable worth 同工同酬 A doctrine according to which jobs deemed comparable should be paid the same wage Comparative advantage 比较优势 The comparison among producers of a good according to their opportunity cost Compensating wage differential 补偿性工资差别 A difference in wages that arises to offset the nonmonetary characteristics of different jobs Competitive market 竞争市场 A market with many buyers and sellers trading identical products so that each buyer and seller is a price taker Complements 互补品 Two goods for which a