宾语从句解析.pdfVIP

宾语从 宾语从句是名词性从句的一种，相当于名词或名词性短语，在句子中充当宾语。谓语动 词、介词、动词不定式、动名词、分词之后均可以带宾语从句。描写情感的形容词（如glad、 certain、sure、happy、pleased、so y、afraid 等）的后面亦可以带宾语从句。宾语从 同其他从句一样，也应该使用陈述句语序。 一、宾语从句的变法 1. 陈述句变宾语从 陈述句变宾语从句时，语序不变，用that 连接（that 一般可以省略），此时that 无词义，不 充当句子成分。 e.g.(1)陈述句：He is an honest man. 宾语从句：My mother always says (that) he is an honest man. (2)陈述句：They will win. 宾语从句：We believe (that) they will win. 2. 一般疑问句变宾语从 一般疑问句变宾语从句时，语序变为陈述句语序，用if/whethe 连接（if、whethe 一般可 以互换），其意思是“是否”，也不充当句子成分，句末的标点符号由主句决定。 e.g.(1)一般疑问句：Will they win? 宾语从句：I’m not sure if/whethe they will win. (2)一般疑问句：Does he study hard? 宾语从句：I wonde if/whethe he studies hard. 3. 特殊疑问句变宾语从 特殊疑问句变宾语从句时，语序变为陈述句语序，用原来的疑问词连接，其意思不变，并且 精品资料 要充当句子成分，句末的标点符号由主句决定。 e.g.(1)特殊疑问句：Who is she? 宾语从句：Could you tell me who she is? (2)特殊疑问句：What does he want? 宾语从句：I don’t kno what he wants. 如果特殊疑问句的疑问词在句中作主语，变宾语从句时语序不变，原来的疑问词既作宾语从 句的引导词，又作宾语从句的主语。 e.g.①What ’s the matter with her? Can you tell me? →Can you tell me what’s the matter with her? ②Who lived here ten years ago? He doesn’t know. →He doesn’t know who lived here ten years ago. 二、注意事项 1.时态问题。宾语从句的时态原则上应与主句的时态保持一致。 (1)如果主句是现在的时态（包括一般现在时、现在进行时、现在完成时），从句的 时态可根据实际情况而定。 e.g.①I don’t know she lives here. ②I am sure he lived here ten years ago. ③He believes that he has learned enough. ④I have heard that he will come tomorrow. (2)如果主句的时态是过去的时态（包括一般过去时、过去进行时），从句的时态应 该根据情况使用某一种过去的时态（包括一般过去时、过去进行时、过去完成时）。 e.g.①I knew who lived here. 精品资料 ②My father said that he would buy a new computer next week. ③He said that he had seen her. ④She was sorry that she had ’t finished her homework on time. (3)当宾语从句表