劳动力成本上升影响中国纺织业国际竞争力研究.docVIP

劳动力成本上升影响中国纺织业国际竞争力研究 摘要：长期以来，我国纺织业凭借着廉价的劳动力成本优势在世界市场上占据着十分重要的市场地位。但近年来随着人口红利的消失，我国纺织业劳动力成本不断上升，对我国纺织业的国际贸易活动造成了一定的冲击。为研究和证实劳动力成本上升对我国纺织业国际竞争力带来的负面影响，本文采用2000-2015年中国纺织业的劳动力成本和进出口的相关数据，借助纺织业的MS指数和TC指数这两个衡量国际竞争力的重要指标来分析劳动力成本上升对纺织业国际竞争力的影响。结果表明：劳动力成本与MS指数，TC指数都存在显著负相关关系，可见劳动力成本上升会对纺织业的国际竞争力会造成一定程度的负面影响，抑制了纺织业的国际竞争力。为进一步提高纺织业的国际竞争力，本文提出了政府应完善职工社会保障机制，实行出口退税政策，发掘新的投资吸引力等建议。 关键词 纺织业;劳动力成本上升;国际竞争力;影响分析 ABSTRACT For a long time, Chinas textile industry has developed rapidly with the advantage of cheap labor cost, and occupies a very important market position in the world market. However, in recent years, with the disappearance of the demographic dividend, the labor cost of Chinas textile industry has been rising, which has caused a certain impact on the international trade activities of Chinas textile industry. In order to study the impact of rising labor costs on Chinas textile industry, this paper uses the data of labor costs and imports and exports of Chinas textile industry from 2000 to 2015 to test the impact of rising labor costs on the textile industrys MS index, TC index and RCA index through theoretical analysis and empirical analysis. The results show that rising labor costs have a significant negative impact on the textile industrys MS index, TC index and RC index. The influence of A index is not significant. In view of the above results, this paper argues that enterprises should control labor costs, improve labor productivity, and improve the ability of independent innovation and personnel training. The government should also encourage and support the development of enterprises. KEYWORDS Textile Industry;Rising Labor Cost;International Competitiveness;Impact Analysis 1.引言 1.1 选题背景和意义 中国一直是世界上纺织品服装贸易的出口大国，纺织业作为中国对外贸易出口的支柱行业之一，对我国长期以来的经济发展做出了巨大贡献。从国研网中纺织业的统计数据计算结果可知，我国纺织品服装出口占我国对外贸易总出口的比重可达到12.7%左右，可见纺织业对我国对外贸易出口的贡献。长期以来，中国纺织业依靠着低成本竞争优势，在国际市场上一直占据着重要的市场地位。由国研网数据计算整理可以得到，中国纺织产品对外贸易出口额占世界纺织产品出口总额的比重也从2000年的14.73%上升到2015年38%，在世界纺织业的市场