小分子气体调控合成Pt.docVIP

小分子气体调控合成Pt 摘要：二十一世纪，纳米材料已经成为时代主题之一，渗透到化工生产的各个部分。设计出高效环保的纳米催化材料对化工生产尤为重要。纳米材料颗粒尺寸小、表面能高、比表面积大、表面原子所占比例大。而且相比于体相材料，具有小尺寸效应、表面效应和宏观量子隧道效应等独特的性质。其中金属纳米材料的应用如今也愈为普遍。 本文以乙酰丙酮铂为原料之一，选取乙酰丙酮铁(或钴，镍)作为另一种金属前驱体，以油胺作为溶剂，以小分子气体氢气作为调控气体，合成双金属纳米材料。通过对浓度配比，升温速度，反应时长，卤素调节剂等多种因素进行优化调节，得到了一系列具有新颖结构的双金属纳米材料。本文主要工作如下: (1)PtFe双金属纳米材料的合成。通过改变升温速度或者前驱体浓度比，能够获得两种不同形貌的PtFe双金属纳米材料(表面粗糙的三支纳米材料和花状纳米材料)。通过优化反应过程，得到生成均一形貌产物的最优条件。 (2)PtNi双金属纳米材料的合成。通过改变前驱体浓度比，能够获得具有相同形貌，比例不同的PtNi花状纳米材料，通过改变反应时间，可以在花状纳米材料外延继续生长纳米线。 (3)PtCo双金属纳米材料的合成。通过改变前驱体浓度比，能够获得主要为六面是凹面的立方体。 关键字：Pt基纳米材料;双金属纳米催化剂;形貌;催化 Abstract: In the 21st century, nanomaterials have become one of the topics of the times and penetrated into every part of chemical production. The design of highly efficient and environmentally friendly nanocatalytic materials is particularly important for chemical production. Nanomaterials have the characteristics of small particle size, large specific surface area, high surface energy, and a large proportion of surface atoms. Compared with bulk materials, it has unique properties such as surface effect, small size effect and macroscopic quantum tunneling effect. Among them, the application of metallic nanomaterials is becoming more common nowadays. In this paper, acetylacetonate platinum is used as one of the raw materials, iron acetylacetonate (or cobalt, nickel) is selected as another metal precursor, oleylamine is used as a solvent, and small molecule gas hydrogen is used as a regulated gas to synthesize bimetallic nanomaterials. Through a variety of factors such as concentration ratio, heating rate, reaction time and halogen regulator, a series of novel bimetallic nanomaterials were obtained. The main work of this article is as follows: (1) Synthesis of PtFe bimetallic nanomaterials. By changing the heating rate or the concentration ratio of precursors, two different PtFe bimetallic nanomaterials (rough-surfaced nanomaterials and flowerlike nanomaterials) can be obtained. B