开放英语I()辅导材料.docVIP

开放英语I（1）辅导材料 （一）语法 1、名词复数 大多数的名词复数形式由单数名词结尾加-s 构成，但是也有例外情况。 （1）以辅音+y 结尾的名词要变y为i ，然后加 --es. baby babies party parties （2）以元音+y 结尾的名词，变复数是直接加-s ，如： day—days, boy—boys, （3）以—ch, --sh, --s, --x, --z结尾的名词变复数时，加—es, 如： box -- boxes bus -- buses church -- churches bush -- bushes （4）以f 或 fe 结尾的名词，变复数时将 f 或 fe 变为ve ，然后加-s ，如： half --halves leaf--leaves life--lives wife--wives （5）有些名词复数形式的变化是不规则的，如： child--children foot--feet man-- men person--people(persons) tooth --teeth woman--women 2、代词的宾格和所有格 主格（subject）: I, you, he, she, it, we, they 宾格（object）: me, you, him, her, it, us, them 所有格（possessive pronoun）（形容词性物主代词）： my, your, his, her, its, our, their 注意：代词的主格常用作主语，代词的宾格常放在动词或介词的后面 做宾语，而代词的所有格常用在名词前面做定语。 代词的主格 Where do you work? He is a manager. 代词的宾格 I can see her. Send her an email, please. The manager always eats lunch with him. Come and see us tomorrow. 代词的所有格 This is my dog. That’s its bed. Can you give me your pen, please? Is that their house? 3、与时间连接的介词 on 通常与星期或具体某一天的上午，下午或晚上连用。如： I have a meeting on Thursday. I have a meeting on Thursday morning. in 通常与上午，下午或晚上连用（当日期没有具体说明时）如： in the morning in the afternoon in the evening I’ll meet you in the morning. He is coming in the evening. at 通常与具体的时间或具体某一点时间连用。如： I leave at 2 o’clock. I am busy at lunchtime. from … to 与具体的时期连用。如： I play football from 7 o’clock to 8 o’clock every Saturday. for 用来表示某事持续的时间。如： I go running for an hour every day. 注意：在tomorrow, today 和 yesterday 前不用任何介词。如： Can we meet tomorrow? I didn’t go to work yesterday. 如果星期或时间前有last, this或 next 修饰，则不用任何介词。如： Will you come with us next Friday? What are you going to do this afternoon? 4、冠词的用法 定冠词和不定冠词 商店、处所的名称前用的是定冠词the，表示在附近只有一家这样的商店或处所。 如果所谈的商店或处所不是具体的哪一个，则用不定冠词a/an. 比较： the（只有一处） The bus stop is outside the post office. The supermarket is next to the chemist’s. a/an（一处以上） There’s a supermarket opposite the station and a supermarket near a