生物化学资料：Eukaryotic RNA synthesis.pptVIP

* Characteristics of enhancer 1. It has the effect even over a long distance. 2. Cis-acting 3. Bind to transcriptional activators / STFs 4. Increase the rate of initiation of transcription by RNA pol ll 5. It has the organization specificity. 6. Some enhancers can respond to external signal. * No one consensus sequence(一致性序列) is found in all core promoters or Regulatory elements * NO.3 Transcription Factors(TFs) * general transcription factors (GTFs) 1 protein, synthesized in the cytosol recognizing the promotor recruiting RNA pol ∥ to the promotor initiating transcription encoded by different genes(trans-acting) specific transcription factors(STFs), * bind to proximal elements to regulate the frequency of transcription initiation bind to distal elements to mediate the response to signals like hormones and regulate which gene are expressed at a given time have two binding domain (a DNA-binding domain, a transcription activation domain) 2 specific transcription factors (STFs) Part 3 The Process of Eukaryotic RNA Synthesis * watch a video initiation→elongation→termination AAUAAA GUGUGUG AATAAA GTGTGT 3′processing （ endonuclease ） —AAUAAA—Poly(A) Nuclease Helicase hnRNA 5’ Release Transcription termination of modification * Characteristics of eukaryotic RNA synthesis ① Substrate: nucleoside triphosphates ② Enzyme: RNA polymerase l, ll, lll ③ Energy: release pyrophosphate(PPi) ④ Product: rRNA, tRNA, mRNA(monocistronic), ncRNA ⑤ does not require a primer ⑥ need TFs ⑦ have cis-acting elements (core promotor elements and regulatory elements) ⑧ have exons and introns Prokaryotes Eukaryotes ?RNA?Polymerase one species I，II， III -35/-10Sequence cis-acting?element Termination transcription product polycistron monocistron Modification No