最新考研英语语法必备总结经典打印版(免费下载)[精推].docxVIP

Summary compilation 总 结 汇 编 20XX 从2002年起，研究生英语考试取消了语法、词汇等根底知识的考察，将此部分改考为听力。但取消了此部分知识点的考察并不意味着英语语法等根底知识的不重要。依据以往英语获得高分同学的经历和海文英语教导名师的主张，他们都共同以为英语语法和词汇是学好、考好英语的重要根底，其实完形填空是对语法、词汇的概括考察，但更要害的是学好此部分有助于对英语语句结构的剖析和了解，有助于学生把握灵敏多变的句式，这样不只要助于学生做好阅览了解，而且有助于学生做好英译汉，写好作文。（一）神态动词一．神态动词的现在完结式的用法神态动词现在完结式首要有两个功用：标明现已产生的状况和标明虚拟口气。在这两个方面must/mustn’t,;can/cann’t;need/needn’t;may/mayn’t;might/mightn’t;should/shouldn’t;ougtht等神态动词＋完结式标明的意思是有必定差异的1．标明现已产生的状况。1）must have+曩昔分词，标明对已产生状况的必定估测，译为“（昨日）必定……”。如：My pain apparent the moment I walked into the room, for the first man I met asked sympathetically:” Are you feeling all right?”[A] must be [B] had been [C] must have been [D] had to be（答案为C）2）can’t / couldn’t have+曩昔分词，标明对已产生状况的否定估测，译为“（昨日）必定没……”。如：Mary my letter; otherwise she would have replied before now.[A] couldn’t have received [B] ought to have received[C] has received [D] shouldn’t have received（答案为A）3）may / might have +曩昔分词，标明对已产生的作业做不必定、或许性很小的估测，或事实上底子没产生，译为“或许……”。如：At Florida Power’s Crystal River plant, a potentially serious leakage of radioactive water may have been unknowingly caused by an electrician.2．标明虚拟口气。1) needn’t have + 曩昔分词，标明做了不必做的事，相当于”didn’t need to do”,译为“其实没必要……”。如：You needn’t have come over yourself.As it turned out to be a small house party, we so formally.[A] needn’t dress up [B]did not need have dressed up[C] did not need dress up [D] needn’t have dressed up(没有必要穿的那么正式，体现是说话者的主张，实践成果是否真的穿的很正式没有确认，答案为D)2）should have +曩昔分词，标明应该做某事但实践上未做，译为“本应该……”should not + have曩昔分词标明本不应该做某事但实践上做了，译为“本不应该……”。如：I regret having left the work unfinished; I should have planned everything ahead carefully.我原本应该事前认真地把每件作业规划的很好，但实践上作者仍是没有规划好，以致作业没有完结。3) ought to have +曩昔分词，标明动作按理该产生了，但实践上未产生，译为“该……”，与should 的完结式含义类似。如：Ｔhe porter ought to have called the fire-brigade as soon as he saw the fire in the stock, which went up in smoke .4) could have +曩昔分词，标明曩昔原本能够做但却未做，译为“彻底能够……”。这点与ought/should/ have +曩昔分词用法类似。如：What you said is right, but you could have phr