交通领域的公私伙伴关系PPP.pdfVIP

Public-Private Partnerships (P3s) in Transportation Contents Introduction 1 Types of P3s 1 P3 Implementation 3 Benefits of P3s 4 Limitations of P3s 5 Federal Role in P3s 6 Transportation Infrastructure Finance and Innovation Act (TIFIA) Program 6 Private Activity Bonds and Tax Issues 8 State Infrastructure Banks 8 Build America Bureau 10 Policy Issues and Options 10 Protecting the Public Interest 10 Evaluation 11 Transparency 11 Asset Recycling 12 Incentive Grants 12 Infrastructure Banks 13 Equity Investment Tax Credits 13 Private Activity Bonds 14 Changes to TIFIA Program 14 P3s and Interstate Highway Tolls 15 Figures Figure 1. Relationships Between Partners in a DBFOM Toll Road P3 Project 2 Tables Table 1. Possible Allocation of Risks Between Public and Private Partners in Transportation Projects 5 Contacts Author Information 15 Congressional Research Service Public-Private Partnerships (P3s) in Transportation Introduction Growing demands on the transportation system and constraints on public resources have led to calls for more private-sector involvement in the provision of transportation infrastructure through what are known as “public -private partnerships ” or “P3s.” As defined by the U.S. Department of Transportation (DOT), “public -private partnerships (P3s) are contractual agreements between a public agency and a private-sector entity that allow for greater private-sector participation in the 1 delivery of transportation projects.” Typically, the “public ” in public-private partnerships refers to a state government, local government, or transit agency. The federal government exerts influence over the prevalence