定语从句关系代词及练习复习进程.pdfVIP

定语从句 一、定语从句的定义 在句子中起定语作用、 修饰句中的某一名词或代词的从句为定语从句， 被修 饰的名词或代词叫作先行词，可以代表人、物或者全句。 定语从句由关系代词和关系副词引导。 关系代词： who, whom, whose, which, that, as 关系副词： when, where, why 关系代词和关系副词在从句中充当一个语法成分。 例如： This is the book that my father bought me yesterday. The time when he arrives is unknown. 二、关系词引导的定语从句 1. 关系代词引导的定语从句 关系代词所代替的先行词是人或物的名词或代词， 并在句中充当主语、 宾语、表 语或定语等成分。 关系代词在定语从句中作主语时， 从句谓语动词的人称和数要 和先行词保持一致。 ⑴指人的关系代词 who, whom, whose, that的用法。 ①作主语 (who / that) The man who / that is talking with Mr. Wang is a famous doctor. ②作宾语包括作介词宾语 (whom / that)。 She is the girl whom / that I met at the party. Is he the doctor whom / that you are looking for? ③作定语 whose The girl whose English is very good won the first place in the 100-metre race. ⑵指物的关系代词 which, whose和 that 的用法 that 既可以代表事物也可以代表人 ，which 代表事物，它们在从句中作主语或宾 语； whose 一般指人，但有时指物，在从句中作定语。 ①作主语 The money that / which is in the wallet is mine. A dictionary is a useful book which tells us the meaning of words. ②作宾语 The chair which / that you broke yesterday is now being repaired. ③作定语 The house whose roof needs repairing is only three years old. ★在下列情况下，关系代词只能用 that: ①当先行词为 all, anything, something, nothing, much, little, few, none,any 等不定代词或被 no, only, very等词修饰时，只能用 that There are few books that you can read in this bookstore. He is the only person that understands me. This is the very question that came up at the meeting. Is there anything that you want to tell me? All that should be done has been done. Have you taken down everything that Mr. Li has said? There is nothing that I can tell you.我没什么事要告诉你。 There is little that I can do to make up for the lost time. 我几乎不能做什么来弥补时 间上的损失。 ②当先行词被序数词或形容词最高级所修饰时。如： The last place that we visited was the Grea