材料科学基础--合金结构.ppt

材料科学基础Fundamental of Materials;§1.2 Atomic bonding;精品资料; 你怎么称呼老师？ 如果老师最后没有总结一节课的重点的难点，你是否会认为老师的教学方法需要改进？ 你所经历的课堂，是讲座式还是讨论式？ 教师的教鞭 “不怕太阳晒，也不怕那风雨狂，只怕先生骂我笨，没有学问无颜见爹娘 ……” “太阳当空照，花儿对我笑，小鸟说早早早……”;精品资料; 你怎么称呼老师？ 如果老师最后没有总结一节课的重点的难点，你是否会认为老师的教学方法需要改进？ 你所经历的课堂，是讲座式还是讨论式？ 教师的教鞭 “不怕太阳晒，也不怕那风雨狂，只怕先生骂我笨，没有学问无颜见爹娘 ……” “太阳当空照，花儿对我笑，小鸟说早早早……”;*;For atomic systems:;*;Ⅱ.Primary interatomic bonds 1. Ionic bonding Ionic bonding is always found in compounds that are composed of both metallic and nonmetallic elements, elements that are situated at the horizontal extremities of the periodic table.;*; Interionic Forces; Interionic Energies;Example problem 2.1 If the attractive force between a pair of Mg2+and S2- is 1.49×10-8N and if the S2- ion has a radius of 0.184nm, calculate a value for the ionic radius of the Mg2+ ion in nanometers.;2. Covalent bonding Materials with covalent bonding are characterized by bonds that are formed by sharing of valence electrons among two or more atoms.;3. Metallic bonding Metallic bonding occurs in solid metals. In metals in solid state, atoms are packed relatively close together in a systematic pattern or crystal structure.;Ⅲ.Secondary bonding （Van Der waals bonding) The driving force for secondary bonding is the attraction of the electric dipoles contained in atoms or molecules. An electric dipole moment is created when two equal and opposite charges are separated.;Van Der waals bonding;A dipole moment is defined as the charge value multiplied by the separation distance between positive and negative charges, or;London forces If the interactions are between two dipoles that are induced in atoms or molecules, we refer to them as London forces.;;;2. Secondary bonding;Permanent Dipole bonds Permanent Dipole bonds exist between adjacent polar molecules. ;3. Mixed bonding;Summary;Examples and Discussions;Exercise;Thank you !