Unit 4 定语从句(Ⅰ)-- 高中英语必修第一册同步语法讲练.docxVIP

Unit 4 定语从句(Ⅰ)-- 高中英语必修第一册同步语法讲练 Unit 4 语法精讲-定语从句(Ⅰ) [课本例句] 诵读下列例句并感知画线部分的共性 1．(教材P50)There were deep cracks that/which appeared in the well walls. 2．(教材P50)Two thirds of the people who lived there were dead or injured. 3．(教材P50)The number of people who were killed or badly injured in the quake was more than 400,000. 4．(教材P50)Soon after the quakes, the army sent150,000 soldiers to Tangshan to dig out those whowere trapped and to bury the dead. 5．(教材P50)Workers built shelters for survivors whose homes had been destroyed. 6．(教材P52)A doctor with whom James used to work died in the 2016 earthquake in Ecuador. 7．Theboy whose father is a teacher is a newclassmate of mine. 8.Chinais a country that/which has a long history.  [发现总结] 1．第2、3、4句中的定语从句使用了关系代词who，在定语从句中作主语。 2．第1、8句中的定语从句使用了关系代词which/that，在定语从句中作主语。 3．第6句中的定语从句使用了关系代词whom，在定语从句中作宾语。 关系代词who/whom常用来指代人；关系代词that/which常用来指代物；关系代词that既可以指人也可以指物。 4．第5、7句中的定语从句使用了关系代词whose，在定语从句中作定语，它既可以指人也可以指物。  [语法精讲] who?(whom)，which，that，whose引导的定语从句 在复合句中，修饰某一名词、代词或整个主句的从句叫作定语从句。 从句修饰的名词或代词叫作先行词，连接先行词和定语从句的词叫关系词。关系词的主要作用是连接主句和从句，同时指代先行词，并在从句中充当一定的句子成分。关系词分为关系代词和关系副词两种，关系代词有that，which，who，whom，whose等；关系副词有when，where，why。  一、关系代词的基本用法 1．who指人，在从句中作主语或宾语，作宾语时可省略。 Theman?who?is talking with my father isa teacher. 正在和我父亲说话的那个人是个教师。 Thegirl (who) I met yesterday is hissister. 我昨天见到的那个女孩是他的妹妹。 2．whom指人，在从句中作宾语，常可省略，不能作主语。 Theboy (whom) the teacher often praisesis their monitor. 老师经常表扬的那个男孩是他们的班长。 注意：(1)关系代词whom在口语或非正式文体中常可用who来代替。 Theboy(who/whom/that)?wesaw yesterday is Johns brother. 昨天我们看到的那个男孩是约翰的哥哥。 (2)在从句中作介词的宾语且直接跟在介词后时，用whom，不用who。 He isa man?from whom?we are all ready tolearn. 他是我们大家都愿意向他学习的人。  [即学即练1]　关系代词填空 (1)Doyou know the man?who?is talking with your mother? (2)Thosewho?want to see the film set down your names, please. (3)Thisis the person?who/whom?you should thank for helping your son. 3．which只指物，不指人，可作主语或宾语，作宾语时可省略。 Guilin is a city?which?has a history of 2,000 years. 桂林是一个有2 000年历史的城市。 Theyoung man was very happy to g