六西格玛工序控制与工序能力教材.pptxVIP

Six-Sigma Training Book ; ; ;The most widely used model for the distribution of continuous random variable. Arises in the study of numerous physical phenomena, such as the velocity of molecules.;Many natural phenomena and man-made processes are observed to have normal distributions, or can be closely represented as normally distributed. For example, the length of a machined part is observed to vary about its mean due to: temperature drift, humidity change, vibrations, cutting angle variations, cutting tool wear, bearing wear, rotational speed variations, fixturing variations, raw material changes and contamination level changes If these sources of variation are small, independent and equally likely to be positive or negative, the length will closely approximate a normal distribution.;First introduced by French mathematician Abraham DeMoivre in 1733. Made famous in 1809 by German mathematician K.F. Gauss when he also developed a normal distribution independently and used it in his study of astronomy. As a result, it is also known as the Gaussian distribution. During mid to late nineteenth century, many statisticians believed that it was “normal” for most well-behaved data to follow this curve.;正態分布易于理解, 具有特性, 統計學提供了許多基于正態分布的強有力的分析方法來幫助人們做決定. 因此, 我們通常會試圖用正態分布去近似模擬其它分布 (如可能) 或轉化數据以“使”它遵從正態分布. 它是分析過程能力的首選分布形式.;A normal distribution can be completely described by knowing only the: Mean (m) Variance (s2);A~Normal(?A,?A2);The mean, median and mode all coincide at the same value - m. There is perfect symmetry. ;The area under sections of the curve can be used to estimate the cumulative probability of a certain “event” occurring: ;Let’s compute the cumulative probabilities of the following distributions:;MiniTab: Calc e Probability Distributions e Normal...;什么是 6σ ;6σ 簡介;The Focus of Six Sigma;Customer Focus: A Model For Success;Six Sigma Vision;?;St