专题八 动词的语态-高三英语一轮复习.docxVIP

专题八：动词的语态 动词的语态表示主语与谓语之间的关系。英语有两种语态，即主动语态（the Active Voice）和被动语态（the Passive Voice）。 主动语态表示主语是动作的执行者： Many people speak English. （许多人讲英语。） 被动语态表示主语是动作的承受者： English is spoken by many people.（英语被许多人所讲。） 一、被动语态的构成： 被动语态是由“be+及物动词的过去分词”构成的。 二、主动语态变被动语态的方法： 主动语态变被动语态通常采取如下的步骤： ①将主动语态中的宾语变成被动语态的主语； ②将主动语态中的谓语动词变成“be+过去分词”的形式； ③将主动语态中的主语变成被动语态中by的短语。 例如： Many people speak English. （许多人讲英语。） English is spoken by many people. （英语被许多人所讲。） 三、常见各种时态及含有情态动词的被动语态的构成： ①一般现在时：am/is/are + done You are required to do this. ②一般过去时：was/were + done The story was told by her. ③一般将来时：will/shall + be + done The problem will be discussed tomorrow. ④现在进行时：am/is/are + being + done The road is being widened. ⑤过去进行时：was/were + being + done The new tool was being made. ⑥现在完成时：have/has + been + done The novel has been read. ⑦过去完成时：had + been + done He said that the work had been finished. ⑧将来完成时：will/shall + have + been + done The work will have been finished by tomorrow. ⑨过去将来时：would/should + be + done He said that the trees would be planted. ⑩情态动词的被动语态：can/must…+ be + done TV can be watched by us every night. 典题赏析： 1) The People’s Republic of China _____________________ (found) on October 1, 1949. 2) This English song __________________ (sing) by the girls after class every day. 3) Our room must __________________________ (keep) clean. 4) A new house _________________________ (build) at the corner of the road at present. 5) When and where to go for the on-salary holiday _______________________ (not decide) yet. 6) Hurry up, or the tickets ________________________ (sell) out by the time we get there. 7) At the end of the meeting, it was announced that an agreement __________________ (reach). 8) A talk on Chinese history _________________________ (give) in the school hall next week. 9) In a room above the store, where a party ______________________ (hold), some workers were busily setting the table. 10) He h