(完整)上海牛津小学英语语法知识总结,推荐文档.docVIP

上海牛津小学英语语法知识总结 般现在时 1、定义：表示经常发生或习惯性的动作、 状态。句中通常有usually , often ,every day , sometimes , always， at weeke nds ， on Sun days 等表示经常性时间的短语。 2、构成： 1 ）当谓语是be动词时，一般现在时的构成： 主语+ be动词+其他 女口： I am a student. He is_ Jim s father. They are from Japan. 2）当谓语是 行为动词 时，一般现在时的构成： ① 主语（非第三人称单数） +动词原形+其他 女口： I often watch TV at the weekends. Mr Gree n and Mrs Gree n like collect ng stamps. ② 主语（第三人称单数） +动词的第三人称单数形式+其他 女口： Jim usually visits his gran dpare nts on Sun days. She sometimes goes to the park with her mother. 3、动词三单形式 的变化规则: ① ② ③ ④ 一般情况下，直接力口 s 女口： read-reads , swim-swims 以 s, x, sh , ch , o 结尾，力口 es 女口： wash-washes , watch-watches 以辅音字母+ y 结尾，变 y 为i，再力口 es 女口： study-studies , fly-flies 不规则变化女口： have-has do-does 肯定句 否定句 一般疑问句及回答 They watch TV every day. They don t watch TV every day. —Do they watch TV every day? —Yes, they do . / No, they don t She watches TV every day. She doesn t watch TV every day. —Does she watch TV every day? —Yes, she does . / No, she doesn上 4、一般现在时的句型转换: 现在进行时 1、定义：表示现在或现阶段正在进行或发生的动作。句中常有 女口： I am washing clothes now. Look! Liu Tao is climbing the tree. Liste n! Jane is singing in the music room. now , look, listen 等词。 2、构成：be动词（am/is/are ） +动词现在分词（V-ing ） 3、动词现在分词 构成： ① 一般是在动词原形后加 ing - 女口： read-reading , drink-drinking , eat-eating , look-looking ② |以不发音的e结尾的动词，去掉 e,再加 而- 女口： write-writing ， make-making ， ride-riding ， take-taking ③ 以重读闭音节结尾，如末尾只有一个辅音字母，要双写这个字母，再加 ing 女口： sit-sitting ，swim-swimming ，put-putting ，run-running ，stop-stopping ，get-getting ， begin-beginning ，jog-jogging ， forget-forgetting 4、动名词其实就是动词的现在分词， 它既有名词性质（可作主语），又有动词性质（可带宾语） 女口： Asking the way My hobby is collect ing stamps. He is good at skati ng. 5、现在进行时的句型转换: 肯定句 否定句 一般疑问句及回答 —Is he running now? He is running now. He isn t running now. —Yes, he is . / No, he isn . t They are making They aren t making —Are they making a puppet? a puppet. a puppet. —Yes, they are. / No, they aren .t 一般过去时 1、定义：表示过去某个时间里发生的动作或存在的状态。常和表示过去的时间状语连用，如: a moment ago ， just now ， yesterday ， last