碳捕集机组环境影响性及经济性研究.docVIP

PAGE PAGE I PAGE PAGE I 摘要 近年来，随着化石燃料的燃烧，二氧化碳气体的大量排放，使得全球变暖问题越来越严重。而我国作为一次能源国家，电力行业中排放的CO2占全国碳排放总量的30%，解决燃煤电厂的碳排放问题迫在眉睫。而单乙醇胺（MEA）化学吸收法碳捕集技术是控制碳排放的有效手段。为了实现能源、经济和环境的协调发展，有必要对碳捕集机组所产生的环境影响及相关经济性进行系统分析。本文对碳捕集机组所造成的环境影响性及碳捕集机组的经济性进行了研究，主要研究内容如下： 构建了碳捕集机组生命周期评价体系，分析了碳捕集机组发电的生命周期影响评价。首先，分析了MEA捕集CO2吸收剂解吸能耗特性，确定了MEA碳捕集系统与燃煤机组的耦合系统；其次，确定了碳捕集机组生命周期评价的目的与范围，界定了系统边界，对基于碳捕集机组发电过程中环境影响的数据，进行了碳捕集机组生命周期清单分析，在此基础上进行了碳捕集机组生命周期影响评价。 建立了碳捕集机组热经济性和技术经济性评价指标，进行了碳捕集机组热力学特性和技术经济性的分析。对碳捕集机组进行了热经济学特性评价，分析了热耗率、煤耗率、绝对内效率等评价指标；对碳捕集机组进行了技术经济评估，分析了发电成本、供电成本、CO2减排成本等指标。 关键词：胺法碳捕集 燃煤机组 碳排放 生命周期评价 经济性 PAGE PAGE II PAGE PAGE II Abstract In recent years, with the burning of fossil fuels and carbon dioxide emission, the issue of global warming is more and more serious.And in China, coal is taken as the key primary energy, discharge of CO2 in the electric power industry accounted for 30% of the national carbon emissions, so solving the problem of carbon emissions of coal-fired power plant is imminent.And monoethanolamine (MEA) chemical absorption carbon capture technology is an effective means of controlling carbon emissions.In order to realize the energy, economic and environmental coordinated development, it is necessary for environmental impact produced by carbon capture unit and related economical efficiency to analyzes.In this paper, the environmental impact and carbon capture unit efficiency caused by the carbon capture plant was studied, the main research content is as follows: The life cycle assessment system of carbon capture unit is constructed , and we analyze the life cycle impact assessment of generating units.First of all, the paper analyzes energy consumption characteristics of MEA , determines the MEA carbon capture system with coal-fired plants coupling system; Second, we determines the the purpose and scope of life cycle assessment, defines the boundaries of the system, and analyses the data of the environmental impact in the process of generating uni