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完全版英语词汇学名词解释
完全版英语词汇学名词解释
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完全版英语词汇学名词解释
第一章 word
Awordisaminimalfreeformofalanguagethathasagivensoundandmeaningandsyntacticfuntion.
第三章 formation1
MorphemeAmorphemeisthesmallestfunctioningunitinthecompositionofwords.
AllomorphSomemorphemesarerealizedbymorethanonemorphaccordingtotheirpositioninaword.Suchalternativemorphsareknowasallomorphs.
Freemorphemes(Freeroot)Theyaremorphemeswhichareindependentofothermorphemes.
BoundMorphemesTheyaremorphemeswhichcannotoccurasseparatewords.
BoundrootAboundrootisthatpartofthewordthatcarriesthefundamentalmeaningjustlikeafreeroot.Unlikeafreeroot,itisaboundformandhastocombinewithothermorphemestomakewords.
AffixesAffixesareformsthatareattachedtowordsorwordelementstomodifymeaningorfunction.
7.InflectionalaffixesAffixesattachestotheendofwordstoindicategrammaticalrelationshipsareknownasinflectionalmorphemes.
DerivationalaffixesDerivationalaffixesareaffixesaddedtoothermorphemestocreatenewwords.
PrefixesPrefixesareaffixesthatcomebeforetheword.
Suffixessuffixesareaffixesthatcomeaftertheword.
RootArootisthebasicformofawordwhichcannotbefurtheranalysedwithouttotallossofidentity.
Stemastemcanbedefinedasaformtowhichaffixesofanykindcanbeadded.
第四章 formation2
1.Affixationaffixationisgenerallydefinedastheformationofwordsbyaddingword-formingorderivationalaffixestostems.
Prefixationistheformationofnewwordsbyaddingprefixestostems.Suffixationistheformationofnewwordsbyaddingsuffixestostems.
Compounding(Compositon)--istheformationofnewwordsbyjoiningtwoormorestems.
Conversion--istheformationofnewwordsbyconvertingwordsofoneclasstoanotherclass.
Blending--istheformationofnewwordsbycombinedbypartsoftwowordsorawordplusaplusapartofanotherword.
Clipping-istheformationofnewwordsbyshorteningalongerwordbycuttingapartofftheoriginalandusingwhatremaininstead.
Acronymy--istheprocessofformingnewwordsbyjoiningtheinitiallettersof
namesofsocialandpoliticalorganizationsorspecialnounphrasesandtechnicalterms.
Back-formation--isaprocessofword-formationbywhich
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