高考写作基础课.pptVIP

主语是一个句子中最重要、最核心的两个部分之一。 一、单词作主语 1．主语通常由名词、代词、数词或名词化的形容词充当 All efforts will be in vain if we cant learn English by practicing repeatedly.(名词作主语) 如果我们不通过反复练习来学习英语，所有的努力将付之东流。 2．单词作主语时要注意谓语动词的单复数。 (1)使用高级词汇(except, besides, with, as well as, together with, along with等)连接主语。(注意谓语动词一般与前面主语保持一致) The teacher with his students is going to visit the museum. 老师和他的学生们要去参观博物馆。 (2)使用高级量词(quantity, amount等)修饰主语。(注意谓语动词的单复数形式) Large quantities of money have been raised to help those affected by the flood. 募集了大量的善款来帮助那些遭受水灾的人们。 二、动名词作主语 1．直接位于句首作主语 In my opinion, cloning should be dealt with carefully. 我认为应该慎重对待克隆技术。 句式升级　动名词作主语可以使句子更加简练、高级。 Our school forbids us students to go out of the campus and we are strongly against it. →Forbidding us students to go out of the campus has raised a storm of objections. 2．用it作形式主语 为了避免句子“头重脚轻”，较复杂的动名词短语作主语时，可用it作形式主语，把动名词短语置于句末。 常用句型： It＋be＋名词或形容词(good, no good, no use, fun, pleasure, better, wonderful, enjoyable, interesting, foolish, difficult, useless)＋动名词 It is no good learning without practice. 学而不用无益。 3．动名词的复合结构作主语 动名词有时可以在前面加上一个名词或代词的所有格，构成动名词的复合结构，在句中作主语。 Their coming to help was a great encouragement to us. 他们来帮忙对我们是一个很大的鼓舞。 三、动词不定式作主语 1．直接位于句首作主语 To have a positive attitude is wise when we are let down. 当遭遇挫折时，怀有积极的态度是很明智的。 2．用it作形式主语 有时为了避免头重脚轻，常用it作形式主语，放在句首，将作主语的不定式放在句末。 常用句型一： It＋be＋形容词(interesting, important, hard, difficult, impossible ...) for sb. to do sth.“做某事对于某人来说……” If they adjust their mind a little, it is not hard for them to find that life is just as promising as before. 如果他们对于思路稍加调整，就不难发现生活和以前一样充满阳光。 常用句型二： It＋be＋形容词(good, kind, nice, clever, foolish, right, polite, impolite, rude, brave, stupid, silly, selfish ...)＋of sb. to do sth.“……能够做……真是……” Its rude of him not to invite you to attend the party. 没有邀请你参加晚会，他很失礼。 常用句型三： It＋be＋名词(ones responsibility, ones honor, a hardship, a pleasure ...) to do sth.“做……是某人的责任/某人的荣幸/一件艰苦的事情/一件快乐的事情……” It is our responsibility to learn advanced science and technology to b