20版英语《高中全程学习方略》外研版必修三Module 5.pptVIP

Module 5　 Great People and Great Inventions of Ancient China　　 Four Great Inventions of Ancient China 　　Compass, gunpowder, papermaking skill and typography are four inventions of ancient China. It is one of the signs that China becomes the ancient civilized country and occupies the important position in the history of human civilization. 　　1. Compass 　　The invention of the compass is the result of ancient Chinese working people learning about the object magnetism in the long-term practice. Because of productive labor, people have found the characteristic of the magnet pointing to directions. Through experiments and research in many ways, the compass was invented at last. The compass plays an important role in the navigation after being introduced to Europe. 　　2. Gunpowder 　　The gunpowder is a mixture of niter, sulfur and charcoal. In the Tang Dynasty, the gunpowder began to be applied to the military affairs. People made use of the throwing stone machine, lit the gunpowder bag and threw it out to burn the enemy. This was the most primitive cannon. 　　3. Papermaking skill 　　The invention of papermaking skill is China’s contribution to the civilization of the world. In the Eastern Han Dynasty (AD 105), inventor Cai Lun of the papermaking skill was on the basis of the fact that forefathers wove silks. He made the vegetable fiber paper with raw materials like bark, broken fishing network, rag, etc. From then on, paper became the material that could be generally written on. 　　4. Typography 　　The typography is one of the most important four inventions in ancient China. The woodblock printing appeared in the Sui Dynasty. Protruding Backward Chinese characters were carved on woodblock with knives, then brushed Chinese ink-liquid, and printed on the paper. In the Northern Song Dynasty, word worker Bi Sheng used the clay with viscidity, made the rectangle cube, carved the single Chinese characters on it, burnt it with the fire and formed the font.