现在完成时态 .pptxVIP

现在完成时态;Present perfect tense 现在完成时 ;现在完成时用来表示已发生或完成的动作或状态,其结果和现在有联系,动作或状态发生在过去但它的影响现在还存在。例如: eg: I have lost my wedding ring、 我丢了我的结婚戒指(这一动作尽管发生在过去,但影响持续到现在,其结果是我现在没有结婚戒指了) I have sent him a Christmas card、 He has just bought a new house、;现在完成时和一般过去式的区别: 1) 一般过去时表示的动作或状态都已成为过去,现已不复存在。表示纯粹的过去,与现在没有联系。而现在完成时强调过去的动作与现在的关系。对现在产生的结果,影响等。 I have lost my bag、 (现在还没找到) I lost my bag、 (丢了钱包,现在是否找到,不明白) Mrs、 Smith lived in Beijing for seven years、 (史密斯太太已不再住在北京) Mrs、 Smith has lived in Beijing for seven years、 (史密斯太太还住在北京);1、都表示过去发生的事 2、现在完成时强调过去和现在的联系,不能和具体的时间状语连用; 3、一般过去时强调过去发生的事或状态与表示过去的具体时间连用(last, ago, yesterday, etc、 );2)现在完成时与现在有联系,过去时表示的过去时间的经历,与现在没有联系。 因此假如动作发生在特定的过去时间,如last night, yesterday, three days ago, just now, in 1998等则不能用现在完成时,必须用一般过去时。试比较: The film has been on ten minutes ago、 (╳) The film began ten minutes ago、 (√) The film has been on for ten minutes、 (√) 3) 询问某事过去发生的具体时间,具体地点时必须用一般过去时, When did you lose your luggage? Where did they leave for? ;eg、1、 He had his breakfast at 6:00 He has had his breakfast、 2、 When did you e here? I watched the football match on TV at 9:00、 ;Exercises;现在完成时与一般现在时的区别: 1、 一般现在时和现在完成时都能够与often, always, seldom, never等副词连用,但意义不同。现在完成时强调一段特定时间里反复发生的情况,而一般现在时强调一般情况,说明主语的特征。试比较: eg: He has always helped us (到目前为止) He always helps us、 (一贯如此) I have seldom watched cartoons these days、(这几天的情况) I seldom watch cartoons、 (一贯如此);Adverbs of time;I have e back just now、 I came back just now、 When have you seen him? When did you see him? ;用法二: for+段时间 since+点时间 since+句子(过去时) E、g、 Kate has lived here for 3 years、 Kate has lived here since 3 years ago、 Kate has lived here since she came to China、 ; My father hasn’t smoked for two months, He is trying to give it up、 我父亲差不多有两个月没有抽烟了。他现在在努力戒烟。 They have stayed in this hotel since last Tuesday、 We have learned En