[实用参考]含蓄虚拟条件句.ppt

含蓄虚拟条件句 用法归纳 定义： 提到条件句，人们一般会想到if引导的条件句，而英语中某些假设的条件句不是通过if从句表达出来，而是包含在某些短语、上下文或其他方式中，其谓语也常用虚拟语气，我们称此种结构为含蓄条件句。 (1) 将条件隐含在不定式短语中。如： I should be happy to go with you. 如果能与你一起去，我将很高兴。 (=I should be happy if I could go with you.) To have studied harder, you would have passed the examination. 你学习更用功些，你早就考及格了。 (=if you have studied harder, you…) (2) 将条件隐含在分词短语中。如： Born in better times, he would have been a scholar. 如果出生在好时代，他早就成为学者了。(=If he had been born in better times, he …) Failing this time, what would you do？ 假若这次失败，那你怎么办？ (=If you failed this time, what…) (3) 将条件隐含在介词短语中。如： Without air, no one could live. 没有空气，人就不能活。 (=If there were no air, no one could live.) But for his help, he would have failed. 要不是有他的帮助，他就会失败了。 (=If it hadn’t been for his help, he would have failed.) (4) 将条件隐含在名词短语中。如： A true friend would not have betrayed me. 若是真正的朋友，就不会背弃我。 (=If he had been a true friend, he would…) A few hours earlier, and you would have seen the famous writer. 要是你早来几个小时，你就见到这位著名的作家了。 (If you had come a few hours earlier, you…) (5) 将条件隐含在某些连词(如or, or else, otherwise等)中。如： I didn’t know that he was a cheat, or else I wouldn’t have believed him. 我不知道他是个骗子，不然我也不会相信他了。(or else=if I had known he was a cheat) I’m really very busy, otherwise I would certainly go there with you. 我真的是太忙了，不然我就会同你一道去了。(otherwise=if I were not so busy) (6) 将条件隐含在定语从句中。如： Anyone who had seen that painting might have taken it for a photo. 凡是看过那画的人，都可能把它看成是照片。 (=If anyone had seen that painting…) (7) 将条件隐含在一定的上下文中。如： Don’t bother to read all these papers. It would take too long. 不要费事看所有这些文件了，那会花太多时间。 (=…If you read all these papers, It would take too long) 课文原句： …restricting smoking in public places “would set up two classes of citizens and would make many people angry.” = If smoking were restricted in public places, it would set up two classes of citizens and make many people angry. …creating no smoking areas would cost too much money and waste t