Part_3分析和总结分析和总结.pdfVIP

New Way Chemistry for Hong Kong A-level Suggested Solutions for GCE Questions Part 3 Energetics (Book 1, p.201 – p.203) 15. HCl and HNO 3 are strong acids, they are almost completely ionised in aqueous solutions: aq + – HCl H (aq) + Cl (aq) aq + – HNO 3 H (aq) + NO 3 (aq) Neutralisation of 1 mol NaOH (strong base) with 1 mol HCl(aq) or 1 mol HNO 3 (aq) involves essentially the same reaction: + – H (aq) + OH (aq) H 2O (l) …… .. (1) Heat evolved is the same, i.e. –57.3 kJ/mol. CH COOH(aq) is a weak acid and is partially ionised. 3 – + CH 3COOH CH 3COO (aq) + H (aq) …… .. (2) Enthalpy change during the reaction between 1 mol NaOH with 1 mol CH 3COOH comprises heat absorbed for ionisation in equation (2) and heat evolved during neutralisation in equation (1). Hence overall enthalpy change of neutralisation is numerically smaller than 57.3 kJ/mol. It equals –55.2 kJ/mol. 16. (a) Refer to the text. (b) (i) H1 + ( –3 920) = –3 754 + ( –286) H = –120 kJ/mol 1 = enthalpy change of hydrogenation of cyclohexene (ii) H + ( –3920) = –3 268 + 3( –286) 2 H2 = –206 kJ/mol = enthalpy change of hydrogenation of benzene doc 10 Manhattan Press (H.K.) Ltd. New Way Chemistry for Hong Kong A-level Suggested Solut