中美家庭言语交际中不礼貌话语的对比分析.docVIP

PAGE PAGE 38 中美家庭言语交际中不礼貌话语的对比分析 摘要：不礼貌是社会交际中常见的言语现象。但相较于礼貌现象，不礼貌研究一直未得到足够的关注。本文以Bousfield（2008）的不礼貌框架为依据，对中美两部家庭情景喜剧《家有儿女》和《摩登家庭》中共182个不礼貌言现象的实现策略进行分类和对比分析，以探寻不礼貌策略在不同文化背景中提现方式的异同，并分析其文化原因。研究发现，冷落听话人和与听话人产生分歧两种策略在中美家庭中都被经常使用，且使用频率基本相同；将听话人排除在外、威胁听话人以及和他人比较这三种策略在中国家庭中使用的频率远大于美国家庭，而使用禁忌语、讽刺与挑战这三种策略在美国家庭中出现的频率远大于中国家庭。研究结果反映了文化共性以及中美不同的家庭权势关系和集体主义与个人主义对不礼貌策略使用的影响。本研究的结果有助于了解不礼貌现象的文化差异，对不礼貌言语的跨文化研究提供一些启示。 关键词：言语不礼貌；不礼貌策略；家庭言语交际；对比分析 A Comparative Study of Linguistic Impoliteness from Communication in Chinese and American Families Abstract: Impoliteness is a common linguistic phenomenon in social interaction. However, it hasnt received enough attention compared to politeness. By classifying and comparing the impoliteness realization strategies in a Chinese sitcom Family with Sons and Daughters and a American family sitcom Modern Family based on Bousfield(2008)s impoliteness model, this thesis explores the similarities and differences of impolite strategies employed in different cultural backgrounds. The findings show that snubbing and disagreeing are frequently used in both Chinese and American families and the frequency is almost the same. Excluding the other from the activity, threatening and comparing are more frequently used in Chinese family, while using taboo words, sarcasm and challenging are used more frequently in American family. These findings indicate the different power relations of family members and collectivism and individualism, as well as the culture universality can affect the choice of the impolite strategies. In addition, the findings help to understand cultural differences of impoliteness in Chinese and American cultures and have some implications on cross-cultural communication. Key words: impoliteness; impolite strategies; communication in families; comparative study The Comparative Analysis of Impoliteness from Communication in Chinese and American Families 1. Introduction Impoliteness is a common phenomenon in the interaction of human activi