第10章信号的频谱分析.pptx

Chapter 10 fourier analysis of signals using discrete fourier transform10.1 fourier analysis of signals using the DFT10.2 DFT analysis of sinusoidal signals10.3 the time-dependent fourier transform Figure 10.110.1 fourier analysis of signals using the DFT真实频谱抗混迭滤波器频响滤波器非理想引入误差量化和混迭引入误差窗序列频谱时域加窗和频域取样引入误差Figure 10.210.2 DFT analysis of sinusoidal signals10.2.1 the effect of windowing10.2.2 the effect of spectral sampling10.2.1 the effect of windowing Before windowing:After windowing:EXAMPLEExample 10.3加窗后谱线展宽加窗前Figure 10.3(a)(b)谱线展宽降低频率分辨率Figure 10.3(c)(d)(e)EXAMPLEFigure 10.10Conclusion: increase L can increase resolutionEXAMPLE增加L能提高分辨率EXAMPLE改变窗形状能改变分辨率Conclusion: shape of window has effect on frequency resolution Determin window’s shape and length（1） for kaiser windows:（2）for blackman window: look up the tableBefore samplingEXAMPLEAfter samplingFigure 10.5(a)(b)(f)10.2.2 the effect of spectral sampling峰值未取到N=128N=64Conclusion : increase N can improve effectN=64N=128Figure 10.7EXAMPLE只取到峰值和零值Figure 10.6N=32N=64N=128N=1024EXAMPLEConclusion: increase N can’t increase resolutionFigure 10.9MATLAB分析窗长对DFT的影响EXAMPLEL1=64; L2=128; N=128; T=1/64n1=0:L1-1; x1=cos(2*pi*2*n1*T)+ cos(2*pi*2.5*n1*T)n2=0:L2-1; x2=cos(2*pi*2*n2*T)+ cos(2*pi*2.5*n2*T)k=0:N-1; X1=fft(x1,N); X2=fft(x2,N)stem(k,abs(X1)); hold on; stem(k,abs(X2),’r.’);10.3 the time-dependent fourier transform1.definitionFigure 10.12Figure 10.11小结10.1 用DFT分析信号的系统10.2 用DFT分析正弦信号 分析正弦序列（稳定信号）得出结论： 加窗和频谱采样对频谱分析的影响10.3 依时DFT 将10.2的结论应用于分析一般信号要求： 加窗和取样分别对DFT谱线的影响 频率分辨率的概念，与窗长、窗形状和DFT点数 的关系 会分析正弦信号DFT的谱线大致情况