研究生学术英语读写教程Unit7.pptxVIP

Materials Science;Outline;; Words and expressions Sentence comprehension Theme and structure;Words and expressions;banish v. All thoughts of romance were banished from her head. eschew v. Although he appeared to enjoy a jet-setting life, he eschewed publicity and avoided night clubs. usher v./n. The railways ushered in an era of cheap mass travel. ;bestow v. The office was bestowed on him by the monarch of this realm. proclaim v. The government’s chief scientific adviser proclaimed that the epidemic was under control. ;1. The sophistication of our lives is in a large part bestowed by material wealth, we would quickly revert to animal behaviour without the stuff of our civilisation: what makes us human is our clothes, our homes, our cities, our things, which we animate through our customs and language. (Para. 1) 我们生活方式的进步很大程度上是物质财富赐予的。要是没有文明的产物，我们很快就会退回到动物的行为方式。我们之所以是人，是因为我们穿衣服，住房子，建城市，用器物。通过语言和习俗，我们赋予这些事物生命力。 ;2. Medical and dental ceramics allowed us to rebuild ourselves and redefine disability and ageing – and as the term “plastic surgery” implies, materials are often the key to new treatments used to repair our faculties (hip replacements) or enhance our features (silicone implants for breast enlargement). (Para. 2) 医用和牙科陶瓷使我们的身体得以重建，让我们重新定义残疾和衰老。如“整形外科”这个术语所示，用于修复身体器官（如髋关节置换假体）和提升相貌（用于丰胸的硅胶植入物）的材料往往是新疗法的关键。;3. Materials are at the heart of every company I visit and it is hard not to conclude that although Google and Twitter may dominate technology headlines, and cosmologists may be most popular with the media, materials transformation is still what makes the world go around. (Para. 3) 我访问的每一家公司，材料都是它们的重中之重。要知道，尽管谷歌和推特可以占据科技新闻的头条位置，宇宙学家也可以是最受媒体欢迎的，但材料的变化仍然是推动世界向前发展的力量。;4. In the 20th century we learnt how to make space suits from textiles strong enough to protect astronauts on the moon as well as solid textiles for artificial limbs called carbon fibre composites. (Para. 5) 20世纪，我们学会了用纺织物制造太空服以保护登上月球的宇航员；我们也学会了用碳纤维复合材料这一固体