结构力学英文.pptxVIP

1;For simplicity we call a structure as a system, For instance, framed structures are named framed systems. According to the shape and location of their members, framed systems can be classified into two categories: (1)Geometrically stable system ;(2)Geometrically unstable system Under the action of the loads, the system will change its shape and its location if the small deformations of the members are neglected as shown Corresponding to geometrically stable and unstable system, there are internally stable and unstable systems as well. A structure is considered to be internally stable, or rigid, if it maintains its shape and remains a rigid body when detached from the supports;Conversely , a structure is termed internally unstable if it cannot maintain its shape and may undergo large displacements under small disturbances when not supported externally. Purpose of analyzing geometric construction of structures is as following: To estimate whether or not a system is geometrically stable, so as to determine whether the system can be used as a structure or not; To discuss geometric construction rules of stable systems.;2.2 the concept of degrees of freedom and restraints;2.2.1the degrees of freedom The degrees of freedom of a system are the numbers of independent movements which are required to locate the system fully.obviously, arigid body has three degrees of freedom in a planar coordinate system(six degrees of freedom in a three dimensional coordinate system),e.g., the position of member AB may be determined by three parameters Xa, Ya and (1)The degrees of freedom of a joint The movement of a point in a planar coordinate system can decomposed into two translations in any different directions i.e., a point possesses two independent moving styles or two independent coordinates are needed to locate its position in a planar coordinate system. So a joint has two degrees of freedom in a planar coordinate system .in fig the parameters Xa, Ya will locate joint A.;(2)Th