情态动词用法导学案高考英语语法专题.docxVIP

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情态动词用法导学案高考英语语法专题.docx

PAGE 情态动词和虚拟语气 情态动词表示说话人的语气或对事物所持的态度。 情态动词有一定的词义,但不能单独做谓语。 情态动词没有人称和数的变化,后面应接动词原形 1. can 与 could ⑴ 表示能力,“能,会” We can use the computer now, but we couldn’t last year. be able to do sth.  表示有能力做某事,并且做了 ⑵ 表示请求或允许,在口语中可以用________代替may, 但_____比 can正式 -- May/ Can I come in? -- Yes, you may/ can. 表示请求,口语中常用could代替can,使语气_______,但主要用在___________中,答语不能用could, 应该用_______ – Could I use your pen? – Yes, you can. 或 – No, I am afraid not. ⑶ 表示推测,常用在_____或_____中 I saw him just now. He can’t have gone to Beijing. You couldn’t have left it on the bus. (4) 表示客观可能性,表理论上的可能 It is usually very warm in April, but it can be rather cold sometimes. ⑸ 表示惊讶,常用在否定句和疑问句中 How can you be so stupid? How could you do such a silly thing? ⑹ cannot ... too ...    can never ... too ... 意思是:____________ You can’t be too careful with driving. 2、may 与 might ⑴ 表示请求或许可,“可以”,may比can正式。 -- May/ Can I go now?  -- Yes, you may/ can. might比may语气_____,没有时间上的区分。但在might引起的疑问句中,答语不用might, 应该用______ – Might/ May I have a look? – Yes, you may. 或 Yes, please./ Certainly. No, you mustn’t. 或 No, you’d better not. ⑵ 表示推测,“可能”。  might比may语气_______ He may/might have known the news. (3) 在机关、学校等的文书、公告中, 表示“不得”,, “禁止”,可以用______或______ You may not smoke in the classroom. ⑷ might as well和 may as well 意思是“____” You may/might as well do it at once. ⑸ may well “______” They may well win. 3、must ⑴ must表示“必须,应当”, mustn’t “禁止” Soldiers must obey orders. 过去、将来、完成等时态中表示“必须”时,可用_________ 的相应形式。 注意must疑问句的答语: -- Must I go now? -- Yes, you must. -- No, you needn’t. No, you don’t have to. ⑵ 表示推测,用于肯定句,表示某事肯定会发生 You must be very tired. He must have been tired. (3) (表示不可避免性或肯定性),“必然要,必定会”。 Man must die. ⑷ 表示与说话人愿望相反及不耐烦,“______” Why must it rain on Sunday? 4、have to  意思是 “_______”,表示客观需要。而must表示说话人的_______。 I don’t have to get up early. I had to get up early. I will have to get up early. 5、shall 与 should (1) should可用于if引导的虚拟条件句,表示语气较强的假设,“万一” If Mr Li shou

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