动词和动词词组.ppt

动词和动词词组 Something you know, but… 分类 1、主动词和助动词(main verb auxiliary) Three kinds of auxiliary: primary auxiliary: 3, be, do, have modal auxiliary:13, can/could, may/might, will/would, shall/should, must, ought to, dare, need, used to semi-auxiliary: have to, seem to Dynamic verb 1) 表示持续动作的动词，如drink, eat, fly, play, rain, read, run, sit, stand, sleep 等，这些动词既可以用于非进行体，也可用于进行体 2）表示位置改变或移动的动词：arrive, change, become, come, go, get, grow, leave, reach, turn这些动词既可用于非进行体，也可用于进行体 3）表示短暂动作的动词，如hit, jump, kick, knock, open/close, put (sth on the table), shut, take out 等，这些动词用一般现在时表示说话时正在进行的短暂动作，若用进行体则表示短暂动作的不断重复 3）例句 (舞台说明）The old man stops at a house and knocks at the door. Who is knocking at the door? 这类动词若用一般过去时，则表示发生在过去的一次性短暂动作，若用过去进行体则表示短暂动作的不断重复 He opened the door and ran out of the house He was opening and closing the door to make sure that it worked properly. Stative verbs 静态动词表示存在于现在或过去的一种状态。这类动词的最大特征就是常用于非进行体，若用进行体，通常会引起语义的改变。按词汇意义，分为4小类： 1）用作主动词的be, have: We have friends all over the world. 2) 含有静态动词be 和have 意义的动词，如apply to, belong to, differ from, cost, weigh, measure, fit, hold(可容纳), lack, resemble 3) 表示感觉的动词， 如feel, hear, see, smell, taste等 I can taste pepper in the soup. It tastes hot. 4)表示心理或情感状态的动词，如assume, believe, consider, detest, fear, hate, love, hope, imagine, know, like, mean, mind, notice, regret, remember等。 静态动词用于进行体 特征是改变了含义，变成了动态动词 He is being foolish (=is acting foolishly). We are having a wonderful time(=are enjoying ourselves) I can feel a pin in it somewhere./ I’m feeling (摸) this cushion. I can taste pepper in it/ I am tasting this soup. Exceptions 1）表示肉体感觉的动词，如ache, feel, hurt等，用于进行体和不用进行体均可，含义不变。如：My foot aches/is aching. I don’t feel very tired=I am not feeling very tired. 2)表示心理或情感状态的的那个词用于进行体时通常改变含义: Be quiet. I’m thinking. Surely you are imagining things. 少数几个动词用进行体表委婉 Were you wanting to see me? I’m hoping you’ll look after the children for us. 一般现在时 1. 表示不受时限的客观存在:The earth rotates on its axis. 2. 表示现在习惯动作: Percy often goes to his