定语从句讲解最全.pptxVIP

会计学;Complex sentence 复合句：;在句子中作定语，修饰名词或代词的从句。这种从句由关系代词 或关系副词引导，并作句子成分。 定语从句还叫做嵌入句， 因形容词定语，所以又称之为形容词性从句。;语法讲解 定语从句（the attributive clause） ;;先行词和关系词的关系;Join the following sentences: A plane is a machine. The machine can fly. A plane is can fly. ;Revision1 relative pronoun ;relative adverb;一. 关系代词的基本用法和注意点;① who指人,在定语从句中作主语或宾语。作宾语时??可省略。;③ which 指物，在定语从句中作主语或宾语。作宾语时，可省略。 ;;;2. 关系代词的用法注意点 that和which的选择;that和which的选择;⑥先行词是疑问词who, which, what 时，定语从句用that而不用who, (whom)和which引导。;Which可以引导非限定性定语从句，可用于介词后，其先行词可是一个词,也可是整个主句或主句的某一部分。 1 She heard a terrible noise, ______ brought her heart into her mouth. A. it B. which C. this D. that 2. The weather turned out to be good, ___ was more than we could expect. A. what B. which C. that D. it ;;④whose的先行词指物时，可用of which代替，但语序不同，即whose+名词 = the+名词+of which，或= of which + the + 名词。如： The novel whose title (= the title of which或of which the title) is Red and Black is very interesting.;⑤whose的先行词指人时，可用of whom代替，但语序不同，即whose+名词 = the+名词+of whom，或= of whom + the + 名词。如： The boy whose mother (= the mother of whom或of whom the mother) is a doctor is my friend.;;;;;;;;;;;考点一:如何判定用关系代词还是用关系副词;2、如定语从句中缺宾语，确定定语从句的谓语动词是不是及物 动词，如是，用关系代词，如不是，用关系副词。;3、如定语从句中谓语结构是被动结构，有主语，则用关系副词。;考点二：as与which引导的定语从句;3.用于the same…as…,such…as…，as…as…, so…as…中，一般用as。 e.g. Such books as you tell me are interesting. This is the same book as I lent you yesterday.;5. as在从句中作主语时，后面常接行为动词的被动语态，如be known，be said，be reported等，如从句中行为动词是主动语态，一般要用which作主语。 e.g. She has been late again, as was expected. Tom has made great progress, which made us happy.;考点三：关系代词前介词的确定 ;4.非限制性定与从句中，要表示先行词的一部分时，可用“数词/代词 + of + 关系代词”的结构，如： e.g. There are 50 students in our class, two- thirds of whom have been to Beijing. ; 关系副词when, where, why可以用适当的介词+which来替代。如：when=in/on/at…+which, where=in/on/at…+which, why=for+which 介词的位置非常灵活，有时放在关系代词之前