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Process Capability (Cp / Cpk / Pp / Ppk)Global Training MaterialCreator : Global Mechanics Process ManagerFunction : MechanicsApprover : Gary Bradley / Global Process TeamDocument ID : DMT00018-ENVersion / Status : V.1.0 / ApprovedLocation : Notes : \\…\ NMP \ DOCMANR4 \ PCP \ PC Process Library DocManChange History :Issue Date Handled By Comments1.0 21st Dec’01 Jim Christy S?ren Lundsfryd Approved for Global UseNOTE – All comments and improvements should be addressed to the creator of this document.第一页,共五十六页。
ContentsSection Heading / Description Page1 Variation, Tolerances and Dimensional Control 4 2 Population, Sample and Normal Distribution 153 Cp and Cpk Concept 284 Use of the NMP Data Collection Spreadsheet 445 Confidence of Cpk 52 第二页,共五十六页。
Process Capability- Evaluating Manufacturing VariationAcknowledgementsBenny Matthiassen (NMP CMT, Copenhagen, Denmark)Frank Adler (NMP Alliance, Dallas, USA)Joni Laakso (NMP RD, Salo, Finland)Jim Christy (NMP SRC, Southwood, UK)第三页,共五十六页。
Section 1Variation, Tolerances and Dimensional Control第四页,共五十六页。
Two Types of Product CharacteristicsVariable: A characteristic measured in physical units, e.g. millimetres, volts, amps, decibel and seconds.ONOFFAttribute: A characteristic that by comparison to some standard is judged “good” or “bad”, e.g. free from scratches (visual quality).In this training we deal with variables only第五页,共五十六页。
The Sources of Process/System VariationMethodsOperatorsCustomer SatisfactionMaterialEnvironmentEquipmentProcess第六页,共五十六页。
Two Types of ProcessesAll processes have: Natural (random) variability= due to common causesStable Process:A process in which variation in outcomes arises only from common causesUnstable Process: A process in which variation is a result of both common and special causesUSLLSLnominal valueDefectUSLLSLnominal value Unnatural variability= due to special causes第七页,共五十六页。
Shewhart (1931)The Two Causes of VariationCommon Cause
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