《卫生学》医学课件-Atmospheric Hygiene.pptxVIP

Chapter 3Atmospheric Hygiene;;;;;;;;;;;;;;Higher air temperatures can increase cases of Salmonella and other bacteria-related food poisoning because bacteria grow more rapidly in warm environments. These diseases can cause gastrointestinal distress and, in severe cases, death. ;Food-borne Diseases ;The geographic range of ticks that carry Lyme disease （莱姆病） is limited by temperature. As air temperatures rise, the range is likely to continue to expand northward. Typical symptoms of Lyme disease include fever, headache, fatigue, and a characteristic skin rash（疲劳,皮疹）. In 2002, a new strain of West Nile virus, which can cause serious, life-altering disease, emerged in the United States. Higher temperatures are favorable to the survival of this new strain. ;;;;;;9·11;粉尘弥漫;截图;呼吸系统影响 癌症风险 心理影响 ;火焰、坍塌引起的粉尘残骸、清洁车再次扬起、车辆引擎;世贸中心咳嗽症;一项生物学检测研究消防员可能吸入了大剂量的大分子物质。 经过收集来的痰液分析，灾难10月后消防员痰内大的矿物分子的百分比显著比对照组的高。;;;;;;;;;;;Table Burden of disease associated with air pollution in China in 2010;;;间接危害;1985年，英国科学家法尔曼等人首先提出了“南极臭氧洞”的问题。卫星观测结果表明，臭氧洞在不断扩大，至2006年臭氧层空洞曾达到2950万km3，相当于两个南极大陆。;臭氧层破坏;;;;;;;;;;;;一、颗粒物;;;;;不良健康事件;;固体燃料烹饪产生的颗粒物;;三手烟是元凶;三手烟与肺癌;二、二氧化硫(sulfur dioxide);?二氧化硫? ;二氧化硫;;红豆杉对室内空中中二氧化硫污染的净化作用;;;;;2013年影响因子 ：7.029;结果：;滞后1-2天的空气污染物以每增加10ug/m3，各个城市死亡率的变化;;;;;;;Section 5 indoor?air?pollution ;human activities; 室内空气污染的来源;;;Definition of SBS（Sick Building Syndrome ）;SBS is the syndrome caused by long-term contact with dust，vapor，gas fungi，bacteria and other air contaminant accumulated in some structure inside the building. Besides, other causes of SBS are inappropriate lighting, uncomfortably hot environment and excessive noises. Generally speaking, their syndromes will disappear when sufferers leave these buildings. ;Symptoms;Respiratory symptoms Shortness of breath, cough, Wheeze（喘） Skin symptoms Rash, pruritus, dryness Chemosensory changes Enhanced or abnormal odour perception Visual disturbances（视觉障碍） ;;;;;;. There was a dose–response gr