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MUSCULOSKELETAL SYSTEM
CHAPTER 1SKELETAL SYSTEM一、IMAGING MODALITIES 1、Conventional Radiography 2、CT--Computed Tomography 3、MRI--Magnetic Resonance Imaging 4、UltrasonographyDistal femora
radialiliumiliumClavicle femora
iliumCalcaneus
iliumfemora
CONVENTIONAL RADIOGRAPHY It is the primary diagnostic methods used to evaluate the musculoskeletal diseases ,since the high contrast that exist between bone and soft tissue.This was to be expected as the calcium salts within the skeleton. (一) Plain film radiography In cases,not only to show the location and the size,but also to arrive the diagnosis.femora
tibia
femora
CONVENTIONAL RADIOGRAPHYLimitation: 1)The poor contrast resolution for soft tissue. 2)Not all the diseases can be diagnosed by plain film,we need use CT or MRI.sacrum
C T(Advantage) CT is able to define soft tissue and bone alterations that are undetectable with conventional radiography because of its cross-sectional display ,excellent contrast resolution and ability to measure specific attenuation values.Midtarsal
We use CT scans when the diagnosis of plain film is not reliable.It is unwise to perform CT in the absence of preliminary radiographs of the area of the body to be examined.C Tradial
NONCONTRAST CT SECTION1)Both side of extremity should be scan for reason of compare.2)Section thickness is 5-10mm,if the lesion is small,we can use the thin section of 1-3mm.astragal
CONTRAST CT SECTION1)Intravenous contrast injection.2)Normally for the soft-tissue masses or soft-tissue masses of bone lesions.3)Both for direct tumor enhancement, necrosis and for localization of major vessels adjacent to or surrounded by the mass.hipCervical vertebral body
M R IAdvantage:Since its introduction,it has had an enormous impact on our understanding of the pathophysiology of musculoskeletal diseasesThe images are characterized by great inherit contrast ,excellent spatial resolution and exquisite anatomic display.It is
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