25份素馨属种质资源的表型性状遗传多样性研究.docxVIP

? ? 25份素馨属种质资源的表型性状遗传多样性研究 ? ? 荆玲侠 卜朝阳 李春牛 狄清琳 摘 ?要：对25份观赏型素馨属（Jasminum Linn.）种质资源的21个表型性状进行多样性和亲缘关系研究。结果表明：不同质量性状在群体中出现的频率不同，9个质量性状的变异范围为26.92%～59.54%，12个数量性状的变异范围为23.81%～88.08%，表明供试种质各表型性状间存在较大程度的变异;对实验材料的花部和叶部性状进行主成分分析发现，12个花部性状归于4个主成分中，9个叶部性状归于3个主成分中。根据表型性状各主成分进行聚类分析，供试25份种质被聚为3大类群，花苞直径、百花重等性状是表型聚类的依据。通过对花部和叶部性状的综合分析，筛选出综合特性最好，观赏价值最高的9号虎头茉莉，园林观赏应用潜力最佳。 Key：素馨属;表型性状;主成分分析;聚类分析 ：S682 ? ? ?：A Abstract： The diversity and relationship of 21 phenotypic traits in 25 ornamental Jasminum germplasm resources were studied. The frequency of different quality traits were different in the population， and the variation range of the quality traits was 26.92% to 59.54%， the variation range of the quantitative traits was 23.81% to 88.08%. Which indicating that there were great variation among the phenotypic traits of the tested germplasms. The principal component analysis of floral and leaf traits of Jasminum was carried out. Twelve flower traits were attributed to four principal components. Nine leaf traits were attributed to three principal components. According to the cluster analysis of the principal component analysis of the phenotypic characters， the 25 germplasms were clustered into three groups， and the characteristics of bud diameter and 100-floral weight were the basis of phenotypic clustering. Through comprehensive analysis of flower and leaf traits， Jasminum sambac No.9 with the best comprehensive characteristics and the highest ornamental value was screened out， which has the best ornamental application potential. Keywords： Jasminum Linn.; phenotypic traits; principal component analysis; cluster analysis DOI： 10.3969/j.issn.1000-2561.2020.09.006 素馨屬（Jasminum Linn.）隶属木犀科（Oleaceae）素馨亚科（Jasminoideae），该属植物枝叶繁茂，花形优美，且多具芳香，不乏观赏价值较高的种类[1]。目前在我国发现的素馨属植物有47个种、1个亚种、4个变种，包括多种素馨、毛茉莉、茉莉花等，其中茉莉花（Jasminum sambac Ait.）最为人们熟知[2-3]。素馨属植物部分可供观赏也可入药，如迎春花（Jasminum nudiflorum Lindl.）、探春花（Jasminum floridum Bunge.）常作为观赏植物兼药材，茉莉花常加工成茉莉花茶而受到人们的欢迎[4]。 表型性状多样性是遗传物质多样性的具体表现，是进行遗传多样性研究最基本、最重要