国际课件2公路工程地质第7章.pdfVIP

Common Unfavorable Geological Phenomenon （常见不良地质现象） Teaching people : Mao Xuesong Introduction  In large-scale highway construction, we always meet various specific geology and unfavorable geology, which produce difficulty in reasonable layout of route （路线合理布局）, engineering design and construction. It also endangers stability and normal use of buildings. Content  In this chapter, we mainly introduce four kinds of unfavorable geology phenomenon: collapse （崩塌） Landslip （滑坡） Debris Flow （泥石流） Karst （岩溶） The first quarter collapse （崩塌）  Definition: Rock mass suddenly dump down, roll and collapse due to function of gravity. This phenomenon is called collapse.  Location （位置）: Steep mountain slope （山区陡峭的山坡）, high and steep cut slope （高陡的路堑边坡）. The first quarter collapse  Classification （分类）: ①Landslide （山崩）: huge scale ②Avalanche （碎落）：cuttings tumble along . slope surface due to rate of decay （风化强度） ③Rockfall （落石）: several comparatively large rock collapse from abrupt slope （悬崖 陡坡）. collapse 318 国道受阻 (宜万铁路隧道崩塌） The Conditions （形成条件）  Formation Conditions for eboulement : Relief condition （地形条件） Lithological character condition （岩性条件） Structure condition （构造条件） Other natural factors （其他自然因素） Formation Condition （形成条件）  Relief condition （地形条件）: The essential condition is that has high and steep slope. Normally, the height is more than 30 m, gradient （坡度） is larger than 45 degree, mostly between