生产率与效率分析lecture6-数据包络分析1.pptxVIP

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生产率与效率分析lecture6-数据包络分析1.pptx

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Data Envelopment Analysis (DEA)数据包络分析Over 4000 published articles from 1978 to 2021 DEAWhat it isConceptsFarrell measures of EfficiencytechnicalallocativescaleRunning DEADangers of DEA ◆Data Envelopment Analysis (DEA)This method is a special but important application of linear programming.DEA is widely applied to evaluate the performance of Decision Making Units (DMUs) such as private firms, public agencies, schools, and hospitals. Important FeaturesEfficiency (Productivity) ManagementRelative Measure vs. Absolute Measure (Social Science) (Natural Science)Multi-Dimensional Analysis vs. Cost / Benefit Analysis (1) Relative Comparison(2) Multiple Inputs and Outputs(3) Efficiency Measurement (0%-100%) (4) Avoid the Specification Error between Inputs and Outputs(5) Production/Cost AnalysisImportant Features Data Envelopment Analysis (DEA) A mathematical optimisation technique where the unknown variables are the weightsWork through some examples to explain Start with a simple example of 8 similar organisations (decision making units DMUs) producing two outputs using a single input Concepts0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9Table 1. Single Input and Single Output Case654Sales3210EmployeeFigure 1. Comparisons of Branch StoresEfficiency FrontierABCDFGEH 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9Efficiency FrontierACB DFGEHRegression LineEmployeeFigure 2. Regression Line vs. Frontier LineB: the best storeThe efficiency of the other stores are determin1 = B E D C H A = G F = 0.4654Sales3210 Table 2. Efficiency0 12 3 4Employee43Sales210Figure 3. Improvement of Store AA1ABA2 Table 3. Two Inputs and One Output CaseFigure 4. Two Inputs and One Output CaseProduction Possibility SetEfficient FrontiersAEDCH I FGB 014553Area/Sales20 1 2 3 4Employee/SalesFigure 5. Improvement of Store AADEA1P Table 4. One Input and Two Outputs CaseProduction Possibility SetFigure 6. One Input and Two Outputs CaseDMUInputOut1Out2O1/IO2/I145450451012555281769.63.2375525525774601925763.29.6510010010001106552453304.56755165165338904503605