神经阻滞的临床问题探讨演示文稿.pptVIP

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  • 约9.72千字
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  • 2023-08-01 发布于广东
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在神经阻滞中使用激素,以增强治疗效果已有近60年历史,当然在应用激素时应遵循原则 激素慎用情况包括:库欣综合征、动脉粥样硬化、肠道疾病或慢性营养不良的患者及手术后患者不宜使用。 肝功能不全、有血栓形成倾向的患者应尽可能不用。 急性心力衰竭、糖尿病、精神病倾向、青光眼、高脂蛋白血症、高血压、重症肌无力、骨质疏松、胃十二指肠溃疡、妊娠及哺乳期妇女应慎用,感染性疾患慎用; 即刻评定 疼痛缓解、感觉减退、麻木、运动与肌力? 后续评定 疼痛强度、范围、性质、频率,每次疼痛持续时间、静息/活动时疼痛? 麻木与感觉减退、运动与肌力? 例:以前麻木的地方现在疼痛,怎样解释? 评定神经阻滞治疗效果 当前第31页\共有51页\编于星期四\6点 神经阻滞发展方向 —可视化、精准化…… Part 4 当前第32页\共有51页\编于星期四\6点 X线 彩超 CT MRI 神经刺激器 神经阻滞发展方向—可视化、精准化 当前第33页\共有51页\编于星期四\6点 影像提高安全性:发现更高穿破硬膜率! Pain Physician 2015; 18:259-266 Do the Gaps in the Ligamentum Flavum in theCervical Spine Translate into Dural Punctures?An Analysis of 4,396 Fluoroscopic InterlaminarEpidural Injections。 Levels of Entry Number of Procedures Without Dural Puncture Number of Procedures With Dural Puncture Total Percent of Dural Punctures C5-C6 1310 24 1334 1.8% C6-C7 1819 16 1835 0.87% C7-T1 1,206 21 1227 1.7% Total 4335 61 4396 1.4% The level of epidural entry and incidence of dural puncture 当前第34页\共有51页\编于星期四\6点 The overall incidence of intravascular injection was 10.4% (28/269). Whitacre needle : 5.4% (8/146 ) Quincke needle : 16.2% (20/123) DSA下发现腰椎间孔阻滞时 意外血管注射: 5.4% 与16.2% Pain Physician 2015; 18:325-331:Whitacre Needle Reduces the Incidence of Intravascular Uptake in Lumbar Transforaminal Epidural Steroid Injections 注入血管/吸收入血 DSA下发现相当高的血管注射率! 当前第35页\共有51页\编于星期四\6点 There were a total of 188?intravascular?events from 1290 ESIs performed. RTF was able to detect 148 events with DSA detecting an additional 40 events missed by RTF. X线发现1290例硬膜外阻滞中188例血管注射 DSA又发现另外40例血管注射 Pain Physician.?2015 Jan-Feb;18(1):29-36 Digital subtraction angiography versus real-time fluoroscopy for?detection?of?intravascular?penetration prior to epidural steroid injections: meta-analysis of prospective studies. Epidural steroid injections 当前第36页\共有51页\编于星期四\6点 Live fluoroscopy revealed inadvertent vascular uptake in 38 of the 344 blocks [11% ]. DS uncovered an additional 27 of the 344 blocks [7.8%] with evidence o

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