《英语词汇学》试题及答案解析 .pdf

《英语词汇学》试题及答案解析 试题来源于考⽣回忆 三、名词解释 1. terminology 【答案】Terminology consists of technical terms used in particular disciplines and academic areas. 【解析】术语指特定学科和学术领域所使⽤的专有名词。 2. compounds 【答案】Compounding, also called composition, is the formation of new words by joining two or more stems. Words formed in this way are called compounds. 【解析】复合法指由两个或更多的词⼲相结合⽽构成新词。以此种⽅式形成的词被称为复合词。 3. homonyms 【答案】Homonyms are generally defined as words different in meaning but either identical both in sound and spelling or identical only in sound or spelling. 【解析】同形同⾳异义词指在读⾳和拼写上或者只是在读⾳或拼写上相同⽽词义不同的词。 4. phrasal verbs 【答案】Phrasal verbs are idioms which are composed of a verb plus a prep and/or a particle. 【解析】短语动词是由⼀个动词外加⼀个介词和/或⼩品词构成的习语。 5. context (in narrow sense) 【答案】In a narrow sense, it refers to the words, clauses, sentences in which a word appears. This is known as linguistic context, which may cover a paragraph, a whole chapter and even the entire book. 【解析】狭义上讲，语境是指⼀个词所在的词群、从句和句群环境，这称为语⾔环境，可以包括⼀个段落，⼀个章节， 甚⾄整个⼀本书。 四、简答题 1. What is free morpheme? 【答案】Morphemes which are independent of other morphemes are considered to be free. These morphemes have complete meanings in themselves and can be used as free grammatical units in sentences. They are identical with root words, as each of them consists of a single free root, for example, man, earth, wind, car, anger. 【解析】彼此之间互相独⽴的词素叫⾃由词素。这些词素本⾝具有完整的意义，在句⼦中可以⽤作⾃由语法单位。⾃由 词素与根词⼀致，因为根词就是由单个的⾃由词素构成的。 2. Combine the following affixes into a compound word: out break baby sit cry in sweet bitter 【答案】out break, bitter-sweet, crybaby, sit-in 【解析】out break(爆发), crybaby(爱哭的⼈), sit-in(静坐抗议;静坐罢⼯)都是名词复合词，bitter-sweet(苦乐参半的;⼜苦 ⼜甜的)是形容词复合词。 3. Explain what causes ambiguity in the sentence He is a hard businessman. 【答案】 I. (Source of the ambiguity) The ambiguity of the sentence is caused by the word hard which is a polysemanti