大学专业英语毕业论文PPT——提纲的构思与拟定方法.pptVIP

Organizing ideas and writing the outline 构思与拟订提纲 Topic Research question Thesis Statement Organizing ideas Outline Bibliography  构思与提纲 思考如何利用事先准备好的资料，去阐释或论证论文的中心论点； 用哪些原始资料和如何使用这些原始资料，去实现你的论文的写作目的 拟写提纲就是一种构思：对所准备的论据进行分析整理；按提纲写作有利于增强论文的条理性和逻辑性，和论文结构的完整性。 The Role of the Outline An outline is an orderly plan, in writing, showing the division and arrangement of ideas. Keeps ideas firmly in mind Lets you rearrange ideas without difficulty Shows you how parts and transition fit together Exposes strengths and weaknesses in time to make adjustments before writing Types of Outlines Topic outline Sentence outline Combination outline Paragraph outline Formats of Outlines Number-letter sequence Decimal outline 提纲各部分的题号： 例一: 论文标题 1． 1．1 1．2 2． 2．1 2．2 例二 On the Chinese Translation of English Idioms I. Introduction A. The Understanding of English Idioms B. The Sources of English Idioms II. The Categories of Chinese Translations of English Idioms A. B. 1. 2. Convention Content of Outlines One consistent format Symbol in pairs Every symbol followed by a period Capitalization Same kind symbols in vertical line Begin succeeding lines of writing under the start of the first word after a symbol In double spacing Meaningful Content of Outlines Every word: sth. about the content Related information Clear relationships Principal points Writing Outline 提纲用概括大小段落主旨的完整句子表达。大段落的主旨是小段落的中心和概括。详细、具体的用完整句写出的提纲能简化初稿的写作过程。 提纲的最后确定涉及 The thesis statement（论题的表述） Principles of Organization（论文的结构） Types of outlines（提纲的类别） Outline formats（提纲的格式） 论文结构（Principles of Organization） Introduction 引言 提出论文的中心论点（thesis）或导入正题（一到两个页） Body 主题 论证分析（多个章节） Conclusion 结语 总结全文，重申论点（一到两个段落） 中心论点（Thesis Statement): 一篇论文最集中的概括 提出论点的方法： 演绎式 (deductively arranged) 归纳式 (inductively arranged) “Modifications of American Democracy During the Next Twenty years” 1) List and explain proposed modifications to contemporary American democracy 主