(1.3.3)--ch0-3 Force and stress材料力学材料力学.pptVIP

Chapter 0 Introduction Mechanics of MaterialsForce and Stress Welcome to mechanics of materials. In the last video, we reviewed statics, this vedio is going to discuss forces and stresses. External ForcesForces applied to the structure from outside of the structure. As we know it, a force is something that acts on an object. For example, a gravitational force pulls objects toward the earth, and a friction force acts against the momentum of an object.So, what is external force? The external force is a force that acts from the outside of the structure. There are many examples of external forces, like gravitational force, buoyant force, friction, pull and push forces, electromagnetic force, wind force and other forces. Internal ForcesForces produced from the external forces acting within a structure. By contrast, an internal force is a force that acts within a system.An external force occurs as a result of interaction between a system and the surroundings. On the other hand, an internal force is an interaction that exists within a system. External forces cause motion in an object, while an internal force resists the motion. *let’s looking at this gif, a tree is set to swing when a force is applied by the wind on it. Since the force exerted by the wind on the tree is from the outside, it is known as an external force. On the contrary, the force that helps the tree to stay in the position and prevents it from falling down is known as an internal force. Internal ForcesFxFyFzMxMyMzmmmmmmFx - axial force/normal forceMx - torqueFy , Fz - shear forceMy , Mz - bending moment From the Statics, we know that there can be a maximum of six independant internal reaction components, *three internal forces and *three couple moments.Normally, these six internal loads are placed on a special point, centroid of the cross section. These forces and moments in fact are resultant forces and resultant moments of internal forces about x,y and z axes, respec