微生物学微生物学 (30).pptVIP

Afterlearningthissection,youshouldbeabletoDifferentiatebetweenhyphaandmyceliumCompareandcontrastdifferentsporemorphologiesExplainhowmatingtypesgovernsexualreproduction

MorphologyoffilamentousfungiThefilamentousfungiconsistsoftwoparts:themyceliumandthespores.Thefilamentousfungidevelopmulticellularbranchingstructuresknownashyphae,whichareconnectedfilamentsofvegetativecells.Integratedmassesofhyphaearecalledamycelium.Eachhyphaisabout3-10μmwide.Hyphae(a)coenocytichyphae(aseptate)(b)hyphaedividedintocellsbysepta.

FungalReproductionReproductioninfungicanbeeitherasexualorsexual.Asexualsporesareformedbytheaerialmyceliumofoneorganism.Whenthesesporesgerminate,theybecomeorganismsthataregeneticallyidenticaltotheparent.Theformationofasexualsporesoftenaccompaniesasexualreproductionandisusuallyusedasameansofdispersal.

AsexualsporesTherearemanytypesofasexualspores,eachwithitsownname.SporangiosporesConidiosporesArthrosporesChlamydosporesBlastospores

SporangiosporeSporangiosporesareformedwithinasporangiumatahyphaltip.

ArthrosporesArthroconidia(arthrospores)areformedwhenhyphaefragmentthroughsplittingofthecellwallorseptum.

ConidiosporesConidiosporesarearrangedinchainsattheendofaconidiophore.Theyaresporesthatarenotenclosedinasacbutproducedatthetipsorsidesofthehypha.

Conidiospores

Chlamydosporesarethick-walledcellswithinthehyphae.Chlamydospores

Blastosporesareproducedfromavegetativemothercellbudding.

NameofsporesLocationofsporesExamplesChlamydosporeExternalMucorracemosus(总状毛霉）ArthrosporeExternalGeotrichumcandidum(白地霉）ConidiosporeExternalAspergillusniger(黑曲霉）Penicilliumnotatum(点青霉）SporangiosporeInternalRhizopusoryzae（米根霉）Asexualsporesoffilamentousfungi

Sexualsporesresultfromthefusionofnucleifromtwooppositematingstrainsofthe