微生物学微生物学 (23).docVIP

Molds

Differentiatebetweenhyphaandmycelium

?Compareandcontrastdifferentsporemorphologies

?Explainhowmatingtypesgovernsexualreproduction

P3

Thefilamentousfungiconsistsoftwoparts:themyceliumandthespores.

Thefilamentousfungidevelopmulticellularbranchingstructuresknownashyphae,whichareconnectedfilamentsofvegetativecells.

Integratedmassesofhyphaearecalledamycelium.

Eachhyphaisabout3-10μmwide.

P4

FungalReproduction

Reproductioninfungicanbeeitherasexualorsexual.

Asexualsporesareformedbytheaerialmyceliumofoneorganism.

Whenthesesporesgerminate,theybecomeorganismsthataregeneticallyidenticaltotheparent.

Theformationofasexualsporesoftenaccompaniesasexualreproductionandisusuallyusedasameansofdispersal.

P5

Therearemanytypesofasexualspores,eachwithitsownname.

Let,sseethedifferentspores.

P6

Sporangiosporesareformedwithinasporangiumatahyphaltip.

P7

Arthroconidia(arthrospores)areformedwhenhyphaefragmentthroughsplittingofthecellwallorseptum

P8

Conidiosporesarearrangedinchainsattheendofaconidiophore.

Theyaresporesthatarenotenclosedinasacbutproducedatthetipsorsidesofthehypha.

P9

Chlamydosporesarethick-walledcellswithinthehyphae.

P10

Blastosporesareproducedfromavegetativemothercellbudding.

P11

Thistableshowstherepresentatives.

P12

Letsseesexualspores.

Sexualsporesresultfromthefusionofnucleifromtwooppositematingstrainsofthesamespeciesoffungus.Organismsthatgrowfromsexualsporeswillhavegeneticcharacteristicsofbothparentalstrains.

P13

Sexualreproductionconsistsofthreephases:

?Ahaploidnucleusofadonorcell(+)penetratesthecytoplasmofarecipientcell(Plasmogamy).

The(+)and(-)nucleifusetoformadiploidzygotenucleus(Karyogamy).

Bymeiosis,thediploidnucleusgivesrisetohaploidnuclei(sexualspores),someofwhichmayb