微生物学微生物学 (27).docVIP

Afterlearningthissection,youshouldbeableto:

Describearedoxreaction,notingtheroleofthetwohalfreactions

andidentifyingtheelectrondonor,electronacceptor,andconjugateredoxpairsofthereaction.

?Relatethestandardreductionpotentialofaconjugateredoxpair

toitstendencytoactasanelectron-donatinghalfreaction.

RedoxReactions:ReactionsofCentralImportanceinMetabolism

Thereleaseofenergyfromanenergysourcenormallyinvolvesoxidation-reductionreactions.

Oxidation-reduction(redox)reactionsarethoseinwhichelectronsmovefromanelectrondonortoanelectronacceptor.

Aselectronsmovefromthedonortoacceptor,thedonorbecomeslessenergyrichandtheacceptorbecomesmoreenergyrich.

Themoreelectronsamoleculehasandisabletodonateinaredoxreaction,themoreenergyrichthemoleculeis.

Glucose!

Itcandonateupto24electronsinredoxreactions,soitissuchaexcellentsourceofenergy.

Eachredoxreactionconsistsoftwohalfreactions.

Oxidationreaction

Reductionreaction

Theacceptoranddonorofahalfreactionarereferredtoasaconjugateredoxpair.

Theequilibriumconstantforaredoxhalfreactioniscalledthestandardreductionpotential(E0)andisameasureofthetendencyofthedonorofahalfreactiontoloseelectrons.

Electronacceptornicotinamideadeninedinucleotide(NAD+).TheNAD+/NADHconjugateredoxpairhasaverynegativeE’0,andNADHcanthereforegiveelectronstomanyacceptors,includingO2.

Conjugateredoxpairs

ElectronTransportChains:SetsofSequentialRedoxReactions

ThefirstelectroncarrierinanETChasthemostnegativeE’0,eachsuccessivecarrierisslightlylessnegative.Thuselectronsaretransferredspontaneouslyfromonecarriertothenext.

Thecarriersdirecttheelectronstotheterminalelectronacceptor(inthiscase,O2).