讲稿应力分析chapter 2 stress analysis-20142.pptx

材料成形力学

（双语教学）主讲人：邸洪双电话轧制技术及连轧自动化国家重点实验室

2StressAnalysis2.1Specificationofstressatapoint2.1.1Internalforces(in.f.)（内力）一点的应力状态NoexternalforcesInternalforcesexistExternalforcesact.MutualpositionofmolecularchangeDistancesbetweenthemchangeAdditionalinternalforcesTheadditionalforcesarewhatweareinterestedinandarecalledinternalforces

2.1.2Externalforces(En.f.)（外力）ExternalforcesActoneveryparticlesActoncontactsurfaceGravitationalMagneticNormalpressureFrictionforcesInthedirectionoppositetothemovingdirectionofthebodyConvert:In.f.Ex.f.SectionmethodBodyforcesContactforces

2.1.3Stressatapointinacontinuousbody(连续体内一点的应力)Systemofex.f.AbodyInequilibrium（外力系）（处于平衡状态）Bodyinter-sectionedbyasectionplanethroughpasspointPUsesectionmethod:PartA.PartB.(remove):ResultantexertedbyBonA,Ainequilibrium:ResultantexertedbyAonB(remain)inequilibriumAroundpointPonsectionplaneisolateElementalareaResultantexertedbyAonisAveragestressonis（上的平均应力为）ABPF1F2F3F4F5F6F7F8PBF5F6F7F8

when(contractaroundpointP)(Force/(lngth)2)IntensityofinternalforceatthepointPonthesectionplane,in.f./perunitarea.:StressatthepointPonthesectionplaneForanothersectionplanepassingthroughthepointP,wehaveanotherstressatthesamepoint.Ingeneral,Thestressstateatapointcanbeconsidereddefinedifthestressonanysectionplanepassingthroughthepointhavebeendetermined.（如果过一点任意截面上的应力已知，则可以认为过该点的应力状态便确定了。）

2.1.4Stresscomponents(应力分量),andalso,needsnotbenormaltothesectionplane.resolve（分解）:Normaltothereferenceplane:tangentialtothereferenceplaneNormalstress(正应力)(Normaltothesectionplane)Positive:elongationNegative:compressionShearstress(剪应力)(tangentialtothesectionplane)Changeinshape（改变物体的形状）

Ninecomponentsandstresstensor(九个分量和应力张量)Coordinatesyst