考博英语(阅读理解)模拟试卷116(题后含答案及解析).pdfVIP

考博英语（阅读理解）模拟试卷116(题后含答案及解析)

题型有：3.ReadingComprehension

ReadingComprehension

Thatpeopleoftenexperiencetroublesleepinginadifferentbedin

unfamiliarsurroundingsisaphenomenonknownasthe“first-night”effect.Ifa

personstaysinthesameroomthefollowingnighttheytendtosleepmoresoundly.

YukaSasakiandhercolleaguesatBrownUniversitysetouttoinvestigatetheorigins

ofthiseffect.Dr.Sasakiknewthefirst-nighteffectprobablyhassomethingtodo

withhowhumansevolved.Thepuzzlewaswhatbenefitwouldbegainedfromit

whenperformancemightbeaffectedthefollowingday.Shealsoknewfromprevious

workconductedonbirdsanddolphinsthattheseanimalsputhalfoftheirbrainsto

sleepatatimesothattheycanrestwhileremainingalertenoughtoavoidpredators

(捕食者).Thisledhertowonderifpeoplemightbedoingthesamething.Totakea

closerlook,herteamstudied35healthypeopleastheysleptintheunfamiliar

environmentoftheuniversity’sDepartmentofPsychologicalSciences.The

participantseachsleptinthedepartmentfortwonightsandwerecarefullymonitored

withtechniquesthatlookedattheactivityoftheirbrains.Dr.Sasakifound,as

expected,theparticipantssleptlesswellontheirfirstnightthantheydidontheir

second,takingmorethantwiceaslongtofallasleepandsleepinglessoverall.During

deepsleep,theparticipants’brainsbehavedinasimilarmannerseeninbirdsand

dolphins.Onthefirstnightonly,thelefthemispheres(半球)oftheirbrainsdidnot

sleepnearlyasdeeplyastheirrighthemispheresdid.Curiousiftheleft

hemisphereswereindeedremainingawaketoprocessinformationdetectedinthe

surroundingenvironment,Dr.Sasakire-rantheexperi