第十二章-面向对象编程(Chapter12-Object-Oriented-Design).pptx

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第十二章-面向对象编程(Chapter12-Object-Oriented-Design).pptx

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PythonProgramming,3/e1PythonProgramming:

AnIntroductionTo

ComputerScienceChapter12Object-OrientedDesign

PythonProgramming,3/e2Tounderstandtheprocessofobject-orienteddesign.Tobeabletoreadandunderstandobject-orientedprograms.Tounderstandtheconceptsofencapsulation,polymorphismandinheritanceastheypertaintoobject-orienteddesignandprogramming.Objectives

PythonProgramming,3/e3ObjectivesTobeabletodesignmoderatelycomplexsoftwareusingobject-orienteddesign.

PythonProgramming,3/e4TheProcessofOODMostmoderncomputerapplicationsaredesignedusingadata-centeredviewofcomputingcalledobject-orienteddesign(OOD).TheessenceofOODisdescribingasystemintermsofmagicalblackboxesandtheirinterfaces.

PythonProgramming,3/e5TheProcessofOODEachcomponentprovidesaserviceorsetofservicesthroughitsinterface.Othercomponentsareusersorclientsoftheservices.Aclientonlyneedstounderstandtheinterfaceofaservice–implementationdetailsarenotimportant;theymaybechangedandshouldn’taffecttheclientatall!

PythonProgramming,3/e6TheProcessofOODThecomponentprovidingtheserviceshouldn’thavetoconsiderhowtheserviceisused–itjustneedstoprovidetheservice“asadvertised”viatheinterface.Thisseparationofconcernsmakesthedesignofcomplexsystemspossible.

PythonProgramming,3/e7TheProcessofOODIntop-downdesign,functionsservetheroleoftheblackbox.Clientprogramscanusethefunctionsaslongasitunderstandswhatthefunctiondoes.Howthefunctionaccomplishesitstaskisencapsulatedwithinthefunction.

PythonProgramming,3/e8TheProcessofOODInOOD,theblackboxesareobjects.Themagicbehindtheobjectsisintheclassdefinitions.Onceaclassdefinitioniswritten,wecanignorehowtheclassworksandrelyontheexternalinterface,itsmethods.You’veseenthiswhenusingthegraphicslibrary–youwereabletodrawacirclewithouthavi