国际经济学最终翻译版 .pdfVIP

国际经济学最终翻译版

lecture7跨国企业直接投资(见书334页）

MNEs（multinationalenterprises),FDI,Tradeand

Development

●Thereismuchdebateastotheroleofmultinational(or

global)companies,their

influenceontheinternationaleconomyandthebenefitsor

coststhatFDImaybringtodevelopingcountries.

●关于跨国或全球公司有很多争议，其对国际经济的影响和FDI对

发展中国家带来的利

益和代价

●

Tradethenandnow(fromtimetotime)

●Traditionally,internationaltradehasbeenbasedontheidea

ofcomparative

advantageleadingtogainsinproductiveefficiency.

●Thisassumesproductsandservicesdomoveacross

internationalbordersandthatfactorsofproductiondonotmove

acrossinternationalborders

Itisevidentthat-increasingly-thesecondassumptionis

wrong...

传统上，国际贸易是基于比较优势带来的生产效率。这假定了产

品和服务是跨国的，生产要素是不跨国的。很显然，第二个假设，即

生产要素不跨国是错的。

AnOverviewofMotivesforFDI外商直接投资的动机

●Companiesundertakeinvestmentinsear

chof

better(moreeffi

cient)locationsforpro

ductionand/orn

ewmarkets

CountriesseekinwardinvestmentfromM

NEsbecausetheybelieveitwillbring

●fastereconomicgrowth，skilltransfersa

ndanimprovedBalanceofPayments.

●公司进行FDI是为了寻求更好/更有效率的生产地和新市场

●国家寻求来自跨国公司的对内投资是为了：更快的经济增长，技

术转移，国际收支

平衡的改善

●

TheCompanyPerspective公司的角度

●Companieslooktomakeprofitable(well,potentially

profitable)investments,so.

●Companydecisionsarebasedontheinterestsofthe

companyanditsstakeholders.

●Companydecisions,therefore,canbeanalyzedand

understoodusingthetools,

theoriesandideasofbusinessstrategycompanies

involvedinFDIareseekingincreasedeffici