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浙教版八年级上册数学知识点
Chapter1:PreliminaryUnderstandingofTriangles
I。BasicConceptsofTriangles
Atriangleisafigureformedbythreelinesegmentsthatare
notonthesamelineandareconnectedend-to-end.
II。nofTriangles:
1.Accordingtoangles:acutetriangle。righttriangle。obtuse
triangle(nsanddifferences).
2.Accordingtosides:scalenetriangle。isoscelestriangle。
equilateraltriangle.
III。BasicPropertiesofTriangles
1.Thesumoftheranglesofatriangleis180°.
2.Thesumofanytwosidesofatriangleisgreaterthanthe
thirdside(duetothefactthattheshortestdistanceeentwopoints
isastraightline)。Thedifferenceeenanytwosidesofatriangleis
lessthanthethirdside.
n:determinetherangeofthethirdsidewithtwoknownsides。
determineifthreeknownsidescanformatriangle。determineif
fourormoresidescanformatriangle.
3.rangleofatriangle:angleformedbyextendingonesideof
atriangleandtheadjacentside.
Anrangleofatriangleisequaltothesumofthetwonon-
adjacentrangles(seepage7foranexample).
IV。SeveralImportantLines
1.Anglebisectorsofatriangle:alinethatdividesanangle
intotwoequalpartsandintersectstheoppositesideatthemidpoint.
Allthreeanglebisectorsareinsidethetriangleandintersectat
onepoint。Theequalnisexpressedas∠1=∠2=1/2∠α.
2.Mediansofatriangle:alinesegmentconnectingavertexof
atriangletothemidpointoftheoppositeside.
Allthreemediansareinsidethetriangleandintersectatone
point。TheequalnisexpressedasAP=BP=1/2AB。Equalarea
triangles。differenceinperimetertriangles.
3.Altitudesofatriangle:alinesegmentdrawnfromavertex
ofatriangleperpendiculartotheoppositeside.
Inanacutetriangle。allthreealtitudesintersectinsidethe
triangle
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